UPSC Necessities | Mains reply follow — GS 2 : Questions on Parliamentary Committees and One Nation, One Election (Week 82) | UPSC Present Affairs Information

QUESTION 2

Look at the idea of ‘One Nation, One Election’ within the Indian context. What are the benefits and drawbacks of holding simultaneous Lok Sabha and State Meeting elections?

Common factors on the construction of the solutions

Introduction

— The introduction of the reply is crucial and ought to be restricted to 3-5 traces. Bear in mind, a one-liner just isn’t a regular introduction.

— It might include primary data by giving some definitions from the trusted supply and genuine information.

Physique

— It’s the central a part of the reply and one ought to perceive the demand of the query to offer wealthy content material.

— The reply should be ideally written as a mixture of factors and brief paragraphs reasonably than utilizing lengthy paragraphs or simply factors.

— Utilizing information from genuine authorities sources makes your reply extra complete. Evaluation is vital based mostly on the demand of the query, however don’t over analyse.

QUESTION 1: Talk about the function of Parliamentary Committees in India’s legislative course of. How do they contribute to growing and evaluating insurance policies just like the Minimal Assist Worth?

Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you will incorporate into the solutions.

Introduction:

— Parliament is primarily accountable for creating legal guidelines and preserving the federal government accountable for its actions. Parliamentary Committees function a way for enhancing the effectiveness of Parliament.

— Parliamentary Committees have been fashioned to analyse new laws, authorities packages, and expenditures totally.

— In India, many parliamentary committees have a look at points equivalent to authorities spending, laws, authorities insurance policies and schemes, and parliament administration. They’re divided into Departmentally Associated Standing Committees, Monetary Committees, Administrative Committees, Accountability Committees, and Advert Hoc Committees.

Physique:

Chances are you’ll incorporate a few of the following factors in your reply:

— A parliamentary committee has urged adopting a authorized assure for the Minimal Assist Worth, as a part of a bundle of measures to spice up farmer welfare.

— Within the 18th Lok Sabha, the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and Meals Processing offered its first report on the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare’s grant calls for for 2024-25.

— The committee, chaired by former Punjab Chief Minister Charanjit Singh Channi, has additionally proposed elevating budgetary allocations, compensating for stubble disposal, and waiving debt, amongst different measures.

Key suggestions of the report

— In keeping with the group, a legally mandated MSP would safe farmers’ monetary stability, minimise suicides, mitigate market volatility, scale back debt burdens, and enhance farmers’ basic psychological well being.

— “The implementation of the Minimal Assist Worth (MSP) stays a focus within the debate over agricultural reform and farmer welfare in India. “Implementing a legally binding MSP in India is essential not just for defending farmers’ livelihoods, but in addition for selling rural financial progress and enhancing nationwide meals safety,” the committee said.

— In keeping with the committee, the MSP mechanism helps broader nationwide meals safety targets by guaranteeing that meals grains can be found at secure charges, which advantages public distribution methods.

— The committee reaffirmed that the advantages of adopting the authorized assure of MSP exceed the hurdles. This might enhance financial exercise in these places, boosting native companies and economies. Farmers who get assured revenue underneath MSP are extra keen to put money into their agricultural practices, leading to greater manufacturing and farming sustainability.

— The group additionally said that constitutionally guaranteeing MSP will profit the nation’s long-term meals safety by stabilising meals grain output.

— The committee has urged that the division concern a highway map for legally making certain MSP as quickly as attainable. This may additionally enable the central authorities to plan its finances correctly, leading to a easy transition.

Conclusion:

— The committee has really helpful that farmers be compensated for managing and disposing of crop leftover, or parali, with a purpose to discourage them from burning it. The administration of rice stubble has been a critical environmental concern, notably throughout the winter months when the nationwide capital transforms right into a fast chamber.

— The committee has proposed enhancing financial help for the PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi initiative from Rs 6,000 to Rs 12,000 per yr. It additionally urged increasing seasonal incentives for tenant farmers and farm labourers.

(Supply: Defined: Parliamentary Standing Committee suggestions on MSP, debt waiver by Kanchan Vasdev)

Factors to Ponder

What are Advert Hoc Committees?

Different parliamentary committees

Distinction between public account committee and estimate committee

Associated Earlier 12 months Questions

Clarify the construction of the Parliamentary Committee system. How far have the monetary committees helped within the institutionalisation of Indian Parliament? (2023)

Do Division-related Parliamentary Standing Committees maintain the administration on its toes and encourage reverence for parliamentary management? Consider the working of such committees with appropriate examples. (2021)

QUESTION 2: Look at the idea of ‘One Nation, One Election’ within the Indian context. What are the benefits and drawbacks of holding simultaneous Lok Sabha and State Meeting elections?

Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you will incorporate into the solutions.

Introduction:

— “One Nation, One Election” is a plan to synchronise elections for the Lok Sabha and all state assemblies. The concept would maintain elections concurrently, both on the identical day or inside a set time vary.

— The federal government took step one in the direction of finishing up the BJP’s long-standing promise of holding simultaneous Lok Sabha and state Meeting elections, generally known as “One Nation, One Election”.

— Regulation Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal launched two payments in Lok Sabha: a Structure Modification Invoice to align the phrases of Lok Sabha and state assemblies, and a consequential Invoice to amend the related Acts for Union Territories and Delhi to permit for simultaneous polls.

Physique:

Chances are you’ll incorporate a few of the following factors in your reply:

Key takeaways from the 2 Payments

— First, simultaneous polling is now solely out there for Parliament and state assemblies, not native firms.

— Second, most often, these modifications might be carried out as early because the 2034 election cycle. The invoice amending the Structure specifies that the “President might by a public notification issued on the date of the primary sitting of the Home of the Individuals after a basic election, carry into power the availability of this text, and that date of the notification shall be known as the appointed date”.

— The primary Lok Sabha session will probably be held in 2029, with the subsequent election cycle going down in 2034, supplied that each the 18th and nineteenth Lok Sabhas full their full five-year phrases.

— Different specifics might be discovered within the superb print of the 2 Payments, together with cases wherein a midterm election on the state or federal degree could also be required.

— To enact the Constitutional modification in Parliament, a “particular majority” in each the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha is required. Two necessities should be met underneath Article 368 of the Structure, which grants the correct to amend.

— First, half of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha should help the modification. Second, the modification should be supported by two-thirds of all “current and voting” members.

— It’s possible to omit native elections at this level. That may have necessitated an modification being “ratified” (agreed to) by the legislatures of at the very least half of the states within the Union.

Conclusion:

— The proposed revisions are per the suggestions of the Excessive-Degree Committee on One Nation, One Election, chaired by former President Ram Nath Kovind and which delivered its report back to President Droupadi Murmu in March this yr.

— The primary invoice is the Structure (One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth Modification) Invoice, 2024, which proposes amending three articles of the Structure and inserting a brand new one, Article 82A(1-6).

— This new provision is meant to ease the transition to simultaneous elections. It’s meant to be added after Article 82, which offers with delimitation, or the reallocation of Lok Sabha seats amongst states following every decadal census.

(Supply: One Nation One Election Invoice Defined: Proposals, key takeaways by Damini Nath and Apurva Vishwanath)

Factors to Ponder

One Nation, One Election

What’s Article 82?

Examine delimitation

Associated Earlier 12 months Questions

Look at the necessity for electoral reforms as urged by varied committees, with explicit reference to the ‘‘One Nation–One Election’’ precept. (2024)

Clarify the importance of the a hundred and first Constitutional Modification Act. To what extent does it replicate the accommodative spirit of federalism? (2023)

Earlier Mains Reply Observe

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 1 (Week 81)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 1 (Week 80)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 2 (Week 80)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 2 (Week 81)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 3 (Week 82)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 3 (Week 81)

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