UPSC Necessities | Mains reply apply — GS 2 : Questions on India’s diplomatic relations with Kuwait and NIA (Week 84) | UPSC Present Affairs Information

QUESTION 2

Focus on the significance of Prime Minister Narendra Modi receiving the ‘Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer’ from Kuwait. How does this honour have an effect on India’s diplomatic relations with Kuwait?

Normal factors on the construction of the solutions

Introduction

— The introduction of the reply is important and must be restricted to 3-5 traces. Keep in mind, a one-liner just isn’t a normal introduction.

— It might encompass fundamental info by giving some definitions from the trusted supply and genuine information.

Physique

— It’s the central a part of the reply and one ought to perceive the demand of the query to offer wealthy content material.

— The reply have to be ideally written as a mixture of factors and brief paragraphs fairly than utilizing lengthy paragraphs or simply factors.

— Utilizing information from genuine authorities sources makes your reply extra complete. Evaluation is necessary based mostly on the demand of the query, however don’t over analyse.

QUESTION 1: Focus on the results of the Supreme Courtroom’s latest choice enhancing the Nationwide Investigation Company’s (NIA) authority to probe crimes associated to the foremost scheduled offence.

Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you’ll incorporate into the solutions.

Introduction:

— The Supreme Courtroom enhanced the NIA’s investigative powers. A bench of Justices B V Nagarathna and N Ok Singh dominated that the NIA has the authority to research acts “linked” to the principle Scheduled Offence that’s presently being investigated, even when the linked offence was dedicated by a special particular person who just isn’t an accused within the Scheduled Offence.

— The Nationwide Investigation Company Act of 2008 (NIA Act) authorises the company to research particular Scheduled Offences on the course of the Central Authorities. The NIA Act features a “Schedule” of statutes that include offences that the NIA might examine, akin to these underneath the Illegal Actions (Prevention) Act, 1967 (UAPA) and the Anti-Hijacking Act, 1982.

Physique:

It’s possible you’ll incorporate a few of the following factors in your reply:

— In January 2020, a police Particular Job Pressure in Mohali, Punjab, filed a FIR in opposition to a person referred to as Sukhbir Singh for drug trafficking and unlawful weapons possession underneath the Narcotic Medication and Psychotropic Substances Act of 1985. Throughout interrogation, Singh stated that the automotive he was captured in belonged to Ankush Vipan Kapoor. When authorities detained Kapoor in his store, they found heroin, an unlawful narcotic drug. He was granted bail by the Punjab and Haryana Excessive Courtroom in July 2021.

— Beneath the NIA Act’s Part 8: “Whereas investigating any Scheduled Offence, the Company may examine another offence which the accused is alleged to have dedicated if the offence is linked with the Scheduled Offence” . This authorises the NIA to research non-Scheduled Offences if it may well display a “connection” to the Scheduled Offence underneath investigation.

— Earlier than the Supreme Courtroom, Kapoor claimed that he was not being investigated for a Scheduled Offence underneath the NIA Act as a result of offences underneath the NDPS Act are usually not coated. He additional contended that as a result of there was no nexus between the petitioner and the alleged crime dedicated in Gujarat, the UAPA’s Scheduled Offences couldn’t be used in opposition to him.

— The Centre, however, contended that the present inquiry into the Scheduled Offence underneath the UAPA was linked to the crime charged in opposition to Kapoor in Gujarat. It claimed that Kapoor is a part of a terror community that smuggles medication into Gujarat and transports them to Punjab for purification and distribution. Moreover, it alleged that the hyperlink between Kapoor and Sukhbir Singh signifies that Kapoor can also be concerned within the NIA inquiry.

Conclusion:

Supreme Courtroom’s verdict

— The courtroom recognised that the plain-meaning language “the accused” utilized in Part 8 of the NIA Act indicated that the NIA can solely look at associated offences dedicated by the particular accused underneath investigation — akin to Sukhbir Singh in Gujarat. Nevertheless, the courtroom dominated that Part 8 have to be interpreted “purposefully and meaningfully” in order that the NIA can examine associated offences even when they have been dedicated by a special particular person.

— The courtroom said that “the nexus or connection between another offence and the Scheduled Offence is of important significance” and that this connection should exist earlier than the NIA can examine another offence dedicated by an accused in reference to the Scheduled Offence. Within the present occasion, the courtroom dominated that “there’s a connection, nexus, and hyperlink” between the Scheduled offences investigated by the NIA underneath Sections 17/18 of the UAPA and the offences accused in opposition to Kapoor underneath the NDPS Act.

(Supply: Supreme Courtroom expands the attain of NIA’s powers: What was the case? by Ajoy Sinha Karpuram)

Factors to Ponder

Learn in regards to the Supreme Courtroom

Examine NIA

Examine NDPS Act, UAPA

Associated Earlier Yr Questions

Terrorism has grow to be a major risk to international peace and safety.’ Consider the effectiveness of the United Nations Safety Council’s Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) and its related our bodies in addressing and mitigating this risk on the worldwide stage. (2024)

Clarify the explanations for the expansion of public curiosity litigation in India. Consequently, has the Indian Supreme Courtroom emerged because the world’s strongest judiciary? (2024)

QUESTION 2: Focus on the significance of Prime Minister Narendra Modi receiving the ‘Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer’ from Kuwait. How does this honour have an effect on India’s diplomatic relations with Kuwait?

Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you’ll incorporate into the solutions.

Introduction:

— Not too long ago, Prime Minister Narendra Modi was awarded the Wisam Mubarak al-Kabeer, or the Order of Mubarak the Nice, by Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the Amir of Kuwait.

— The Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer is the best nationwide award of Kuwait.

Physique:

It’s possible you’ll incorporate a few of the following factors in your reply:

What’s the Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer?

— The Kuwaiti authorities bestows the Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer to Heads of State, Sovereigns of Overseas International locations, and members of Overseas Royal Households as a logo of friendship and goodwill.

— Earlier than PM Modi, recipients included Queen Elizabeth II of England, former American Presidents George HW Bush and Invoice Clinton, King Salman of Saudi Arabia, and former French President Nicolas Sarkozy, amongst others.

— The prize was established in 1974 in commemoration of Mubarak Al Sabah, higher often known as Mubarak al-Kabeer or Mubarak the Nice, who dominated Kuwait from 1896 till 1915. Beneath his rule, Kuwait gained extra autonomy from the Ottoman Empire. In 1899, Mubarak signed a treaty with Britain to safe his kingdom from Turkey, thereby making Egypt a British protectorate. Mubarak is well-known for his important contribution to Kuwait’s future improvement.

Significance of the award to PM Modi

— After accepting the prize, PM Modi devoted it to “the long-standing friendship between India and Kuwait, the Indian group in Kuwait, and the 1.4 billion individuals of India.”

— A press launch from the Ministry of Exterior Affairs said, “The conferment of the award on this historic go to of an Indian Prime Minister to Kuwait after 43 years added a particular that means to the event.”

— Kuwait is certainly one of India’s essential buying and selling companions, with bilateral commerce estimated at $10.47 billion in 2023-24. It is usually India’s sixth largest crude provider, offering 3% of the nation’s power necessities. Indian exports to Kuwait topped $2 billion for the primary time, whereas the Kuwait Funding Authority’s investments in India surpassed $10 billion.

— India and Kuwait have lengthy had good relations, stretching again to pre-oil Kuwait, when marine commerce with India was the muse of its financial system. In truth, the Indian rupee was authorized cash in Kuwait till 1961.

Conclusion:

— The yr 2021-22 commemorated the sixtieth anniversary of diplomatic relations between the 2 international locations.

— Kuwait stays a reliable provider of crude oil and LPG to India, assembly our important power necessities.

— Labour and manpower issues are central to our interactions with an enormous variety of staff, each white and blue collar, in Kuwait.

(Supply: PM Modi awarded Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer: What is that this Kuwaiti honour, its significance)

Factors to Ponder

Commerce between India and Kuwait

Relationship between India and different center east international locations

Associated Earlier Yr Questions

Critically analyse India’s evolving diplomatic, financial, and strategic relations with the Central Asian Republics (CARs), highlighting their rising significance in regional and international geopolitics. (2024)

The Indian diaspora has scaled new heights within the West. Describe its financial and political advantages for India. (2023)

Earlier Mains Reply Observe

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 1 (Week 83)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 1 (Week 82)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 2 (Week 82)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 2 (Week 83)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 3 (Week 84)

UPSC Necessities: Mains reply apply — GS 3 (Week 83)

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