UPSC Necessities brings to you its initiative for the follow of Mains reply writing. It covers important subjects of static and dynamic components of the UPSC Civil Providers syllabus lined underneath varied GS papers. This answer-writing follow is designed that will help you as a worth addition to your UPSC CSE Mains. Try at present’s reply writing on questions associated to subjects of GS-1 to test your progress.
Focus on the archaeological significance of Lothal as an essential web site of the Indus Valley Civilization. Analyse its contributions to understanding historical maritime commerce, city planning, and technological developments within the context of Harappan tradition.
QUESTION 2
Consider Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s contributions to India’s maritime historical past. Focus on his position within the formation of the Maratha Navy, the strategic significance of his naval insurance policies, and the long-term influence on India’s coastal defence and naval traditions.
Common factors on the construction of the solutions
Introduction
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— It could include primary info by giving some definitions from the trusted supply and genuine details.
Physique
— It’s the central a part of the reply and one ought to perceive the demand of the query to supply wealthy content material.
— The reply should be ideally written as a mixture of factors and brief paragraphs fairly than utilizing lengthy paragraphs or simply factors.
— Utilizing details from genuine authorities sources makes your reply extra complete. Evaluation is essential based mostly on the demand of the query, however don’t over analyse.
— Underlining key phrases offers you an edge over different candidates and enhances presentation of the reply.
— Utilizing flowcharts/tree-diagram within the solutions saves a lot time and boosts your rating. Nevertheless, it needs to be used logically and solely the place it’s required.
Method ahead/ conclusion
— The ending of the reply needs to be on a optimistic be aware and it ought to have a forward-looking strategy. Nevertheless, for those who really feel that an essential downside should be highlighted, chances are you’ll add it in your conclusion. Strive to not repeat any level from physique or introduction.
— You might use the findings of studies or surveys carried out at nationwide and worldwide ranges, quotes and so on. in your solutions.
Self Analysis
— It’s a very powerful a part of our Mains reply writing follow. UPSC Necessities will present some guiding factors or concepts as a thought course of that can allow you to to judge your solutions.
THOUGHT PROCESS
You might enrich your solutions by among the following factors
QUESTION 1: Focus on the archaeological significance of Lothal as an essential web site of the Indus Valley Civilization. Analyse its contributions to understanding historical maritime commerce, city planning, and technological developments within the context of Harappan tradition.
Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you will incorporate into the solutions.
Introduction:
— Lothal, a big hamlet between the Sabarmati and Bhogavo rivers in Gujarat’s Saurashtra area, was a part of South Asia’s earliest city tradition, the Harappan Civilisation.
— The location is regarded as a modest pure mound that has been elevated and strengthened with mud and dirt bricks a number of instances to guard towards annual floods. Curiously, the identify Lothal is taken into account to have originated from the Gujarati phrases ‘Loth’ and ‘thal,’ which point out ‘the mound of the useless.’
Physique:
You might incorporate among the following factors in your reply:
Contribution of Lothal
— In his e-book The Indus Civilisation, Sir Mortimer Wheeler writes, “The Harappan settlement bears all of the important marks of the Indus Civilisation: straight streets, with regimented buildings, baths, elaborate drains, and man-holes.” In 2014, Lothal was thought of for UNESCO World Heritage standing.
— Following India’s independence, archaeologist S R Rao spearheaded makes an attempt to find Harappan cities within the Saurashtra area, which led to the invention of Lothal. Between February 13, 1955, and Could 19, 1960, the ASI carried out excavations that confirmed an historical metropolis strategically situated alongside a serious river system on the commerce route connecting Sindh to Saurashtra. This web site produced one of the crucial complete collections of artefacts in fashionable Indian archaeology.
— Lothal is thought for its engineering marvels, notably the world’s oldest dockyard, measuring 214×36 meters and that includes a singular water-locking mechanism. Artefacts akin to amethyst bead necklaces, copper or bronze axes, and fishhooks point out maritime commerce with historical civilisations akin to Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Persia.
— The town’s design exemplified superior city planning, with a grid sample, environment friendly drainage programs, and an oblong basin thought to function a dockyard.
Conclusion:
— Based on analysis from the Nationwide College of Eire, Maynooth, a considerable local weather shift occurred some 4,500 years in the past, decreasing summer season monsoon rainfall within the Indus Valley, damaging communities relying on seasonal rains. This resulted within the downfall and abandonment of city centres in southern areas, together with components of modern-day Gujarat akin to Lothal.
— The Union Cupboard not too long ago authorised the development of the Nationwide nautical Heritage Advanced at Lothal, a venture that might commemorate India’s 4,500-year nautical historical past. The ability will incorporate a lighthouse museum, a five-dimensional theatre, and interactive shows.
(Supply: Unearthing the previous: What attracts researchers to the Harappan archaeological web site in Lothal? by Nikita Mohta)
Factors to Ponder
Different essential websites of Indus Valley Civilization
Location of Lothal
Essential developments at Lothal
Associated Earlier Yr Questions
To what extent has the city planning and tradition of the Indus Valley Civilization offered inputs to the current day urbanisation? Focus on. (2014)
The traditional civilisation in Indian sub-continent differed from these of Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece in that its tradition and traditions have been preserved and not using a breakdown to the current day. Remark. (2015)
QUESTION 2: Consider Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s contributions to India’s maritime historical past. Focus on his position within the formation of the Maratha Navy, the strategic significance of his naval insurance policies, and the long-term influence on India’s coastal defence and naval traditions.
Note: This isn’t a mannequin reply. It solely gives you with thought course of which you will incorporate into the solutions.
Introduction:
— Chhatrapati Shivaji was a visionary chief who established the Maratha Empire and Navy.
— At a time when European nations dominated the seas, Shivaji plotted a course for a self-sufficient naval pressure, giving him the title ‘Father of the Indian Navy’.
Physique:
You might incorporate among the following factors in your reply:
— The Adilshahi of Bijapur, the Qutb Shahi of Golconda, and the Mughal Empire all had an influence on the Deccan area and Konkan coast within the seventeenth century. The Adilshahi held very important ports alongside India’s western Konkan Coast, whereas European powers such because the Portuguese, Dutch, English, and African-born Siddis dominated the ocean.
— Following Vasco da Gama’s arrival in Calicut in 1498, the Portuguese took management of the Arabian Sea and its buying and selling routes. They carried out the Cartaz system, which required commerce permits and regularly destroyed non-compliant ships, limiting Indian retailers. To strengthen their place, the Portuguese created colonies alongside the Konkan Coast, together with Vasai, Chaul, Daman, Goa, Basrur, and Mangalore, backed by a strong naval fleet.
— Together with the Portuguese and British, the Dutch and French have been energetic alongside India’s shoreline. The Siddis had established themselves in Janjira, on the Konkan coast.
— When Shivaji started his independence marketing campaign, the coast of Konkan was plagued with alien powers. The Siddi was a formidable opponent of the Maratha State. He carried hearth and a sword in all places alongside the Maratha coast. He was a relentless hassle, ‘troublesome as a rodent within the dwelling.
— By taking Torna Fort (in at present’s Pune district), Shivaji established his empire, or ‘Swarajya’. Shivaji annexed many of the Konkan and Kolhapur districts into Swarajya, gaining management of key northern ports like Kalyan and Bhiwandi whereas additionally rising his affect in commerce and nautical affairs.
— Between 1657 and 1658, Shivaji expanded his management over a 100-kilometer stretch of the Konkan coast, from the Savitri River to the northern forts of Kohoj and Asherigad. He additionally took quite a few strategic forts, together with Surgad, Birwadi, Tala, Ghosale, Sudhagad, Kangori, and Raigad (previously referred to as Rairi), increasing his dominion and immediately confronting the Siddi territories.
Conclusion:
— Shivaji realised the significance of naval would possibly in countering European domination over maritime commerce routes and defending key exports alongside the Konkan coast. With international commerce crucial to state income and pirates posing a continuous menace, Shivaji recognised that naval would possibly was required to guard his realm.
— Based on historian Surendranath Sen’s e-book, Administrative System of the Marathas (1925), whereas the Marathas excelled in land fight, the ocean was a brand new frontier, and Shivaji stays the primary king in Indian historical past to ascertain a fleet with a particular political technique.
(Supply: Why Chhatrapati Shivaji known as the ‘Father of the Indian Navy’ by Shamika Sarvankar)
Factors to Ponder
Maratha Empire
Information about Shivaji
Third battle of Panipat
Associated Earlier Yr Questions
The third battle of Panipat was fought in 1761. Why have been so many empire-shaking battles fought at Panipat? (2014)
In what methods did the naval mutiny show to be the final nail within the coffin of British colonial aspirations in India? (2014)
Earlier Mains Reply Follow
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 1 (Week 79)
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 1 (Week 78)
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 2 (Week 80)
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 2 (Week 79)
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 3 (Week 80)
UPSC Necessities: Mains reply follow — GS 3 (Week 79)
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