UPSC Necessities | Every day subject-wise quiz: Historical past, Tradition and Social Points MCQs on ‘father of the Indian Navy’, Sufism, former president of the Muslim League, and extra (Week 88) | UPSC Present Affairs Information

1. At a time when European powers managed the seas, he charted a course for a self-reliant naval power, incomes the title of the ‘Father of the Indian Navy’.

2. A vital second in his rise to energy got here with the defeat of Afzal Khan, a robust common of the Adilshahi Sultanate who had been despatched to suppress Shivaji’s rising affect.

3. The Adnyapatra, authored by him, served as a information for managing state affairs within the Maratha Empire, notably for his grandson, Sambhaji II.

Which of the above given statements are right?

(a) 1 and a pair of solely

(b) 1 and three solely

(c) 2 and three solely

(d) 1, 2 and three solely

Rationalization:

— A grasp strategist who instilled worry within the minds of his enemies, Chhatrapati Shivaji was a visionary chief who based the Maratha Empire and the Maratha Navy. At a time when European powers managed the seas, Shivaji charted a course for a self-reliant naval power, incomes the title of the ‘Father of the Indian Navy’. On the event of Navy Day on December 4, right here’s a take a look at why Shivaji is honoured because the pioneer of the Indian Navy. Therefore, assertion 1 is right. 

— Amidst this turbulent political panorama, Shivaji laid the muse of his kingdom or ‘Swarajya’ by capturing Torna Fort (in present-day Pune district). A vital second in his rise to energy got here with the defeat of Afzal Khan, a robust common of the Adilshahi Sultanate who had been despatched to suppress Shivaji’s rising affect. Shivaji integrated a lot of the Konkan and Kolhapur areas into Swarajya, gaining management of necessary northern ports resembling Kalyan and Bhiwandi, and strengthening his affect over commerce and maritime affairs. Therefore, assertion 2 is right. 

— Between 1657 and 1658, Shivaji prolonged his dominion alongside a 100-km stretch of the Konkan coast, from the Savitri River to the northern forts of Kohoj and Asherigad. He additionally captured a number of key forts, together with Surgad, Birwadi, Tala, Ghosale, Sudhagad, Kangori, and Raigad (then known as Rairi), increasing his kingdom and instantly difficult the Siddi territories.

— The Adnyapatra, authored by Ramchandrapant Amatya, served as a information for managing state affairs within the Maratha Empire, notably for Chhatrapati Shivaji’s grandson, Sambhaji II. This doc covers governance, administration, and naval insurance policies, reflecting the methods that strengthened the empire. Therefore, assertion 3 isn’t right.

— The Maratha fleet was divided into two classes: service provider ships and warships. Service provider ships included Machwas, Shibads, Padavs, Tarandes, and Pagars, whereas warships included Gurabs, Galbats, Mahagiris, Shibads, Tarandes, Taruses, and Pagars. Although actual fleet numbers are unclear, English data from 1665 estimate Shivaji’s navy at 85 ships, manned by 5,000 sailors, with three massive Gurabs. By 1673, the fleet had grown to 33 ships.

Due to this fact, (a) is the right reply. 

Query 2

He was a former president and member of the Muslim League, who selected to resign from the League and dwell in unbiased India after the Partition of 1947. He was additionally well-known for having authored the ghazal ‘Chupke Chupke Raat Din, Aansu Bahana Yaad Hai’ (later immortalised in Ghulam Ali’s voice) and can be credited for having coined the slogan, ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ (‘Lengthy Dwell Revolution!’) again in 1921. He proposed an modification in 1949 within the preamble of the Structure that sought “to undertake the identical conciliatory angle to all political minorities and to undertake the identical rules as have been adopted by the Soviet Union” (CAD, Ebook 5: 437). 

Who’s ‘he’ referred within the above traces?

(a) Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi,

(b) Abul Kalam Azad

(c) Muhammed Saadulah

(d) Maulana Hasrat Mohani

Rationalization:

— On October 17, 1949, an especially unusual and ominous incident occurred within the Constituent Meeting. Till now, the identify of ‘God’ had been invoked within the Constituent Meeting almost 300 occasions. The quantity would go on to exceed 350 by January 24, 1950, which was the final day the Meeting sat in session. October 17 was itself characterised by an abundance of such invocations. To make use of a present authorized expression, these signified polyvocal affirmations and disavowals — at occasions each — of that elusive entity.

— October 17, 1949 might properly have been an unusual day within the affairs of the Constituent Meeting. The inflection level appears to have been an modification proposed by Maulana Hasrat Mohani, a former president and member of the Muslim League, who selected to resign from the League and dwell in unbiased India after the Partition of 1947. Mohani was additionally well-known for having authored the ghazal ‘Chupke Chupke Raat Din, Aansu Bahana Yaad Hai’ (later immortalised in Ghulam Ali’s voice) and can be credited for having coined the slogan, ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ (‘Lengthy Dwell Revolution!’) again in 1921. The Maulana’s proposed modification sought “to undertake the identical conciliatory angle to all political minorities and to undertake the identical rules as have been adopted by the Soviet Union” (CAD, Ebook 5: 437). Accordingly, his query was whether or not the next modification may very well be prefixed to the present Preamble to the Structure: ‘We, the folks of India, having solemnly resolved to represent India right into a Union of Indian Socialistic Republics to be known as U.I.S.R. on the traces of U.S.S.R’ (CAD, Ebook 5: 437). The proposed modification was promptly negated.

— Nevertheless, Mohani had initiated a dialog of paramount significance, whose political forex continues properly into the twenty-first century — on the query of the place the Structure of India stands with respect to faith and spiritual minorities.

Due to this fact, (d) is the right reply. 

Query 3

Contemplate the next Sufi saints:

1. Chirag Dehalvi

2. Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki 

3. Baba Fariduddin 

4. Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti

5. Nizamuddin Auliya

What’s the right order of succession of the above given names?

(a) 4, 5, 2, 1, 3

(b) 5, 4, 1, 2, 3

(c) 4, 2, 3, 5, 1

(d) 2, 5, 3, 4, 1

Rationalization

—   Sufism emerged between the seventh and tenth centuries CE as a counterweight to the rising worldliness of the increasing Muslim neighborhood. Sufis embraced a extra ascetic and devotional type of Islam, and infrequently engaged in a wide range of mystical practices. Finally, Sufi practitioners got here to be organised in varied orders which congregated across the teachings of a sure trainer or wali.

— The Chishti order was based within the tenth century by Abu Ishaq Shami within the city of Chisht close to Herat. But it surely was Moinuddin and his disciples who led to its unfold within the subcontinent.

— Amongst his most outstanding disciples was Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki (1173-1235), who established the Chishti order base in Delhi. Kaki grew to become a central determine within the area’s religious life because the religious guru of Iltutmish, the third Sultan of Delhi. The Qutub Minar is alleged to be named after Kaki, whose shrine lies in Mehrauli, subsequent to the enduring construction.

— Kaki’s disciple Baba Fariduddin (1173-1265) unfold the Chishti order’s teachings in Punjab. Baba Farid was given the identify Ganj Shakr or ‘a treasure of sweetness’, by Moinuddin. Different notable disciples included Hamiduddin Nagauri, who served as a religious chief in Nagaur.

— Nizamuddin Auliya (1238-1325), whose teachings and shrine in Delhi are celebrated to this present day, and his successor Chirag Dehalvi (1274-1356) carried on Moinuddin’s message properly after Moinuddin’s passing in 1236.

Due to this fact, (c) is the right reply. 

Query 4

Organize the next tribal revolts in chronological order of their prevalence:

1. Munda Rise up  

2. Tana Bhagat Motion

3. Dhal Revolt

Choose the right code:

(a) 1, 2 and three

(b) 2, 1 and three

(c) 3, 1 and a pair of

(d) 3, 2 and 1

Rationalization

— The primary tribal revolt throughout British rule in Jharkhand was the Dhal Revolt in 1767, led by Jagannath Dhal, the previous king of Dhalbhum, part of West Bengal right this moment. Triggered by the presence of the British East India Firm that marginalised the native inhabitants, this revolt lasted 10 years. In response to the continuing unrest, the British reinstated Jagannath Dhal because the ruler of Dhalbhum in 1777.

— Nevertheless, this was just the start. A number of different revolts adopted, with the 2 most notable being the Munda Rise up and the Tana Bhagat Motion, says Hasnain. “Among the many tribal actions organised in Bihar-Jharkhand and the adjoining areas, Birsa Motion is essentially the most widespread and the very best identified. After….Tana Bhagat Motion occupies a very powerful place due to its multidimensional significance of far reaching socio-political implications,” Hasnain notes.

— The Munda Rise up, which lasted from 1899 to 1900, was one other vital response to the exploitation confronted by the Mundas, historically agriculturalists struggling underneath British officers and moneylenders. Led by the younger and charismatic Birsa Munda, who claimed divine inspiration, the insurrection noticed guerrilla warfare and direct assaults on colonial property and officers.

— The Tana Bhagat Motion, which started in 1914, emerged alongside the Birsa Motion and was based by Jatra Bhagat, a pacesetter of the Oraon tribe. He known as for a return to conventional practices, rejecting colonial rule and Western influences. Bhagat highlighted agrarian points and initiated a no-rent marketing campaign, urging labourers to refuse compelled or low-wage work.

Due to this fact, (c) is the right reply. 

Query 5

Close to Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan Yojana, take into account the next statements.

1. It’s meant for outdated age safety and social safety of Shopkeeper’s, Retail merchants and Self Employed individuals.

2. It’s a voluntary and contributory pension scheme.

Which of the above given statements is/are true?

(a) 1 solely

(b) 2 solely

(c) Each 1 and a pair of

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Rationalization

Authorities of India has launched a pension scheme for unorganised staff specifically Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) to make sure outdated age safety for Unorganised Staff.

In keeping with labour.gov.in,

“Options of PM-SYM: It’s a voluntary and contributory pension scheme, underneath which the subscriber would obtain the next advantages : (i)    Minimal Assured Pension: Every subscriber underneath the PM-SYM, shall obtain minimal assured pension of Rs 3000/- per 30 days after attaining the age of 60 years. (ii)   Household Pension: Through the receipt of pension, if the subscriber dies, the partner of the beneficiary shall be entitled to obtain 50% of the pension acquired by the beneficiary as household pension. Household pension is relevant solely to partner. (iii)   If a beneficiary has given common contribution and died because of any trigger (earlier than age of 60 years), his/her partner will likely be entitled to hitch and proceed the scheme subsequently by cost of standard contribution or exit the scheme as per provisions of exit and withdrawal.”

Due to this fact, (b) is the right reply. 

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