UPSC Present Affairs Pointers brings you important present affairs of the previous week, each Monday, to help you in your Prelims and Mains preparation of UPSC, State PCS, and different aggressive examinations.
(FYI: The information supplied in these studies can be utilized to substantiate your Mains reply and create a broad understanding of the subject.)
— In line with a brand new research printed within the Lancent Journal, air pollution brought on by panorama fires may have claimed greater than 1.2 lakh deaths in India yearly on a median within the 20-year interval between 2000 and 2019.
— Agricultural burning is only one sort of panorama fires contributing to air air pollution.
— China had the biggest variety of such casualties throughout this era, adopted by the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Indonesia, and Nigeria. Globally, greater than 1.53 million deaths might be attributable to such panorama fireplace incidents, the research mentioned.
— Decrease socio-economic international locations had been extra prone to have greater deaths from respiratory sickness brought on by fires than greater socio-economic international locations. The worldwide cardiovascular deaths on account of fireplace air pollution elevated by a median 1.67 per cent per 12 months.
Occasions
— The United Nations Common Meeting designated November 25 because the Worldwide Day for the Elimination of Violence Towards Girls in 1999 to lift consciousness towards Violence towards Girls and Women (VAWG).
— This date was chosen to honour the Mirabal Sisters of the Dominican Republic, who turned the image of resistance towards tyranny and violence.
— the ICA World Cooperative Convention 2024 was inaugurated in New Delhi, India. The convention will run from 25 to 30 November 2024. The theme of the convention is ‘Cooperatives Construct Prosperity for All’.
— The ICA World Cooperative Convention and ICA Common Meeting are being organised in India for the primary time within the 130-year historical past of the Worldwide Cooperative Alliance (ICA), the premier physique for the worldwide cooperative motion.
— On inauguration, PM Narendra Modi launched the UN Worldwide 12 months of Cooperatives 2025, saying that the convention will present insights into India’s future cooperative journey.
— A commemorative postal stamp, symbolising India’s dedication to the cooperative motion was additionally launched.
— The stamp showcases a lotus. The 5 petals of the lotus characterize the 5 components of nature (panchatatva), highlighting cooperatives’ dedication to environmental, social, and financial sustainability. The design additionally incorporates sectors like agriculture, dairy, fisheries, client cooperatives, and housing, with a drone symbolising the position of contemporary expertise in agriculture.
— Nationwide Milk Day has been noticed yearly on November 26 since 2014 to commemorate the delivery anniversary of Dr Verghese Kurien.
— About Dr Verghese Kurien: He was born in Kozhikode, Kerala on November 26, 1921. Kurien and Tribhuvandas Patel, together with Dara Khurody – who had established the Aarey Milk Colony in Bombay, which supplied pasteurising and distribution amenities for the milk from Anand – had been awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Group Management in 1963.
Polity
— The Union Cupboard has accepted the ‘One Nation One Subscription’ (ONOS) scheme, below which all centrally-run and state-run greater training establishments may have entry to reputed journals printed by worldwide publishers on a single platform.
— Entry will probably be supplied by a nationwide subscription, coordinated by the Data and Library Community (INFLIBNET), an autonomous inter-university heart below the College Grants Fee (UGC).
— The scheme entails an outlay of ₹6,000 crore for 3 years, till 2027, and can present subscriptions to round 13,000 journals printed by 30 worldwide publishers.
- Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)
— The Union Cupboard has accepted the continuation of its flagship initiative, the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), and allotted a funds of Rs.2,750 crore for the interval as much as March 31, 2028.
— AIM which works below the aegis of NITI Aayog is the federal government’s flagship initiative, launched in 2016, goals to advertise a tradition of innovation and entrepreneurship within the nation.
— It has launched the Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs). ATLs aspires to instil in younger minds the curiosity, creativity, and adaptive studying required to turn out to be entrepreneurs.
| World Innovation Index (GII) 2024 |
| In line with GII, launched by the World Mental Property Organisation (WIPO), India has risen considerably from 81st in 2015 to thirty ninth in 2024. With a rating of 67.5, Switzerland ranks on the high. |
— The Union Cupboard on November 25 accepted the launch of the Nationwide Mission on Pure Farming (NMNF) as a standalone Centrally Sponsored Scheme below the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare with a funds outlay of Rs 2,481 crore.
— The Agriculture Ministry defines pure farming as a “chemical-free” farming system that solely makes use of inputs produced utilizing livestock and plant assets.
— The proposed NMNF is an enchancment of the Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhti (BPKP) launched by the NDA authorities in its second time period (2019-24). The initiative was launched below an umbrella scheme of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojna (PKVY).
— The NMNF mission goals to convey a further 7.5 lakh hectares of space below pure farming. Within the subsequent two years, will probably be applied in 15,000 clusters in Gram Panchayats.
— A district courtroom in Sambhal ordered a survey of the Shahi Jama Masjid, the city in western Uttar Pradesh after a plea which claimed that Sambhal’s Jama Masjid was constructed on the location of a Hindu temple. On the coronary heart of the matter is the interpretation of the Locations of Worship Act, 1991.
— The Locations of Worship Act states that the spiritual character of anywhere of worship because it existed on August 15, 1947, have to be maintained.
—Part 3 of the Act bars the conversion, in full or half, of a spot of worship of any spiritual denomination into a spot of worship of a unique spiritual denomination — or perhaps a completely different phase of the identical spiritual denomination.
— The Union Cupboard accepted the PAN 2.0 Mission to make PAN the “single supply of reality and knowledge consistency”.
— The upgrades will embrace– the enhancement of the QR code characteristic for brand new and outdated playing cards, a very on-line software course of, and a merger of all current identification numbers to make PAN because the frequent identifier for companies.
— A “PAN knowledge vault system” can even be created for all entities utilizing PAN knowledge, for knowledge safety and cybersecurity functions.
— The prevailing PAN playing cards will proceed to be legitimate below PAN 2.0. It’s going to require an upgradation at freed from price.
— PAN allows the I-T Division to hyperlink transactions similar to tax funds, Tax Deducted at Supply (TDS)/Tax Collected at Supply (TCS) credit and revenue returns with the division.
Worldwide Cooperation
— Israel and Lebanon entered right into a ceasefire on November 27 a day after Israel’s safety cupboard accepted a US-backed proposal to finish the 13-month-long battle that escalated in September.
— The ceasefire proposal attracts on the provisions of Decision 1701 handed by the UN Safety Council (UNSC) in 2006. It goals at ending hostilities between Hezbollah and Israel, and requires the creation of a buffer zone in addition to a everlasting ceasefire.
— The decision was meant to finish the withdrawal of Israeli forces in 2000 from southern Lebanon alongside the ‘Blue Line’, the de facto border separating Israel and Lebanon, and the Israeli-annexed Golan Heights.
Surroundings
— The fifth session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to develop a world legally binding instrument on plastic air pollution together with marine air pollution started in Busan, Republic of Korea.
— The session passed off from 25 November to 1 December nonetheless, they failed to succeed in any settlement. The talks will resume subsequent 12 months.
— The annual world manufacturing of plastic doubled from 234 million tonnes (mt) in 2000 to 460 mt in 2019. Almost half of this was produced in Asia, adopted by North America (19%) and Europe (15%).
— Plastic manufacturing is predicted to the touch 700 mt by 2040, in line with a report by the Organisation for Financial Co-operation and Improvement (OECD).
India’s contribution to world plastic air pollution
— India contributes to a fifth of worldwide plastic air pollution, in line with a research printed within the journal Nature in September.
— It accounts for 20% of the world’s world plastic air pollution with emissions of 9.3 mt, which is considerably greater than the international locations subsequent within the checklist — Nigeria (3.5 mt), Indonesia (3.4 mt) and China (2.8 mt), the research mentioned.
— India has banned the usage of single-use plastics overlaying 19 classes in 2022.
— Two days after cheetah Nirva delivered cubs at Sheopur’s Kuno Nationwide Park, two newborns had been discovered useless by wildlife officers. Nirva is among the cheetahs that was relocated from South Africa in 2022 below Mission Cheetah.
— Mission Cheetah started with the intercontinental translocation of African cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa to the Kuno Nationwide Park in Madhya Pradesh. This translocation passed off in two batches of eight after which 12 cheetahs.
— The purpose behind the translocation just isn’t solely to revive India’s ‘historic evolutionary steadiness’, but additionally to develop a cheetah ‘metapopulation’ that may assist in the worldwide conservation of the animal.
— As it’s a flagship species, the conservation of the cheetah will revive grassland-forests and its biome and habitat, very similar to Mission Tiger has performed for forests and all of the species present in these forests.
— The cheetah is believed to have disappeared from the Indian panorama in 1947 when Maharaja Ramanuj Pratap Singh Deo of Koriya princely state hunted down and shot the final three recorded Asiatic cheetahs in India. The cheetah was formally declared extinct by the Indian authorities in 1952.
— India was dwelling to Asiatic cheetahs, and never the African subspecies that had been launched in 2022. The Asiatic cheetah is classed as a “critically endangered” species by the IUCN Crimson Record and is believed to outlive solely in Iran. Whereas African Cheetah is listed as a susceptible (VU) species on the IUCN Crimson Record.
— In line with new analysis, Asiatic Lions – whose whole inhabitants numbering 674 is in Gujarat – co-exist with people by mutual adaptation, enforced authorized safety, financial drivers, and authorities compensation for livestock, amongst others.
— The co-existence comes within the backdrop of the geographic vary of lions rising by 36 per cent between 2015 and 2020 and inhabitants growing at 6 per cent each year.
— Gujarat is the one dwelling of the Asiatic Lions.
— Asiatic lions are barely smaller than African lions. Asiatic lions have longitudinal fold of pores and skin operating alongside its stomach which is never seen in African lions.
— Conservation standing: Listed in Schedule I of Wildlife (Safety) Act 1972, in Appendix I of CITES and as Weak on IUCN Crimson Record.
— A 3-year-old golden tiger named Ava has captured hearts on-line, changing into a viral sensation and giving robust competitors to Moo Deng, the child pygmy hippo. Golden tiger are also called ‘Tabby tiger’ or ‘Strawberry tiger’.
— Ava belongs to a uncommon Bengal tiger variant. They’re named so due to the color variant. They’re even uncommon than white tigers with fewer than 30 golden tigers in captivity worldwide.
— In 2020, one such golden tiger was noticed in Kaziranga Nationwide Park, Assam.
— Cyclone Fengal made landfall over Puducherry on November 30. This tropical cyclone was named by Saudi Arabia.
— Landfall is the occasion of a tropical cyclone coming onto land after being over water. As per the India Meteorological Division (IMD), a tropical cyclone is claimed to have made landfall when the centre of the storm – or its eye – strikes over the coast.
— A cyclone is a large-scale system of air that rotates across the centre of a low-pressure space. It’s normally accompanied by violent storms and dangerous climate.
— Tropical cyclones are these which develop within the areas between the Tropics of Capricorn and Most cancers. They’re probably the most devastating storms on Earth.
— Tropical cyclones have completely different names relying on their location and energy. For example, they’re generally known as hurricanes within the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the North Atlantic Ocean and the jap and central North Pacific Ocean. Within the western North Pacific, they’re referred to as typhoons.
Defence
— India has examined the Okay-4 missile from submarine INS Arighaat off the coast of Visakhapatnam.
— It was the primary check of the nuclear-capable submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) from a submarine with a spread of round 3,500 km.
— Hypersonic missiles, able to carrying typical explosives or nuclear warheads, can fly within the vary of 5 instances the pace of sound. Nevertheless, some superior variations of hypersonic missiles may even fly on the pace of over 15 Mach.
— The inaugural version of the joint tabletop train CINBAX between the Indian Military and Cambodian Military commenced at a overseas coaching node in Pune.
— The train, being carried out from December 1 to eight, includes 20 personnel every from an Infantry Brigade, from Cambodian Military contingent, and an Indian Military contingent.
Science and Know-how
— The European House Company’s Proba-3 mission, anticipated lifetime of two years, will probably be launched by the Indian House Analysis Organisation (ISRO) on its PSLV rocket.
— The mission goals to check the photo voltaic corona, the outermost and hottest a part of the Solar’s ambiance. It’s going to additionally try the first-ever “precision formation flying”, the place two satellites will fly collectively and preserve a hard and fast configuration in area.
— Its predecessors Proba-1 (additionally launched by ISRO) and Proba-2 had been launched in 2001 and 2009, respectively.
— Proba-3 may have three devices onboard:
* The Affiliation of Spacecraft for Polarimetric and Imaging Investigation of the Corona of the Solar (ASPIICS) or the coronagraph. Its subject of view is between the Solar’s outer and interior corona, a round belt usually observable throughout photo voltaic eclipse occasions.
* The Digital Absolute Radiometer (DARA) will preserve a steady measurement of the Solar’s complete vitality output, generally known as the overall photo voltaic irradiance.
* The 3D Energetic Electron Spectrometer (3DEES) will measure electron fluxes because it passes by Earth’s radiation belts, offering knowledge for area climate research.
— In Probe-3, the 2 satellites — Occulter Spacecraft (weighing 200 kg) and the Coronagraph Spacecraft (weighing 340 kg) — will mimic a pure photo voltaic eclipse. They may manoeuvre exactly in Earth’s orbit in order that one satellite tv for pc casts a shadow onto the opposite.
Locations in Information
(Simply FYI: The situation of the place is essential, contemplating that UPSC has requested a number of questions on locations that had been within the information, similar to Aleppo and Kirkuk, within the 2018 UPSC Prelims. One of the simplest ways to recollect them is to plot them on a world map.)
— Paris’ Notre Dame cathedral is about to reopen on December 7 5 and a half years after a devastating fireplace destroyed its roof and spire and brought on main injury all through.
— Notre-Dame de Paris (Our Woman of Paris), a medieval Gothic masterpiece, is among the French capital’s most beloved and visited monuments.
— The primary stone was laid in 1163, and development continued for a lot of the following century, with main restoration and additions made within the seventeenth and 18th century.
Sports activities
(Simply FYI: With the unpredictability of the UPSC examinations and questions just like the ICC World Take a look at Championship query 2021, you’ll be able to’t make sure of something. It’s smart to know what it’s and never go into an excessive amount of element.)
— PV Sindhu gained the ladies’s singles remaining on the Syed Modi Worldwide 2024 badminton event after defeating Wu Luo Yu of the Republic of China.
— Lakshya Sen gained the Males’s singles remaining after defeating Jia Heng Jason Teh of Singapore.
Awards
— Vir Das created historical past by changing into the primary Indian to host the Worldwide Emmy Awards.
Record of winners:
Greatest Drama Collection: Drops of God (France/Japan)
Greatest Comedy Collection: División Palermo (Argentina)
Greatest Efficiency by an Actor: Timothy Spall in The Sixth Commandment (United Kingdom)
Greatest Efficiency by an Actress: Chutimon Chuengcharoensukying in Starvation (Thailand)
Greatest Documentary: Otto Baxter – Not a F**ing Horror Story (United Kingdom)
Miscellaneous
— The nation’s first-ever Structure Museum was inaugurated at O P Jindal World College in Sonipat, Haryana.
— The museum was inaugurated by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla and Minister of State for Legislation and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal.
— The museum is curated by Anjchita B Nair. It affords audio-visual interactive experiences to the guests, in addition to digital quizzes and a robotic offers the guests a tour of the museum.
— Mini busts of 300 members of the Constituent Meeting are additionally neatly displayed within the museum. A much bigger bust on show is that of B N Rau, a jurist who was instrumental in drafting the Structure.
— The Members of the Home of Commons within the United Kingdom have voted in favour of whether or not to legalise the follow of assisted dying in England and Wales.
— Euthanasia refers back to the follow of a person intentionally ending their life, oftentimes to get reduction from an incurable situation, or insupportable ache and struggling. Euthanasia, which will be administered solely by a doctor, will be both ‘lively’ or ‘passive’.
— Energetic euthanasia entails an lively intervention to finish an individual’s life with substances or exterior pressure, similar to administering a deadly injection. Passive euthanasia refers to withdrawing life assist or therapy that’s important to maintain a terminally unwell individual alive.
— In 2018, the Supreme Court docket recognised the legality of ‘passive euthanasia’ for terminally-ill sufferers, holding that the ‘proper to die with dignity’ kinds part of the proper to life below Article 21 of the Structure of India.
— Just lately, the Union Well being Ministry has launched a draft of tips on withdrawing or withholding medical therapy in terminally unwell sufferers, closing a regulatory hole that left medical professionals in a lurch.
Phrases making buzz
— White Knight Corps: It’s a corps of the Indian Military that was established in 1972 to supervise operations within the area south of Jammu and Kashmir’s Pir Panjal.
Take a look at Your Information
(Word: One of the simplest ways to recollect info for UPSC and different aggressive exams is to recall them by MCQs. Attempt to remedy the next questions by yourself.)
A. The World Innovation Index is launched by which of the next organisations?
(a) World Financial institution
(b) World Mental Property Organisation
(c) World Financial Discussion board
(d) Worldwide Telecommunication Union
B. Contemplate the next statements about ‘Mission Cheetah’:
1. Mission Cheetah started with the intercontinental translocation of African cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa to the Kuno Nationwide Park.
2. All of the translocated Cheetah have survived within the Kuno Nationwide Park giving a constructive output to the Mission.
Which of the next statements is/are NOT right?
(a) 1 solely
(b) 2 solely
(c) Each 1 and a couple of
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
C. The ‘One Nation One Subscription’ (ONOS) scheme that was launched just lately by the federal government is expounded to which of the next?
(a) One-time subscription for OTT
(b) Journals for instructional establishments
(c) Fertlisers for farmers
(d) Mortgage scheme for MSMEs
Earlier Present Affairs Pointers
UPSC Present Affairs Pointers of the previous week | November 18 to November 24, 2024
UPSC Present Affairs Pointers of the previous week | November 11 to November 17, 2024
UPSC Present Affairs Pointers of the previous week | November 4 to November 10, 2024
UPSC Present Affairs Pointers of the previous week | October 28 to November 3, 2024
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