Data Nugget | World Well being Day 2025 Particular: Key authorities well being schemes you will need to know for UPSC Examination

Why within the information?

Yearly, April 7 is well known as World Well being Day to lift consciousness about illnesses and issues, the importance of preventive care, and good well being rising as a high precedence. It’s a world initiative by the World Well being Organisation (WHO). Falling on a Monday, this yr, the day is being celebrated underneath the theme “Wholesome beginnings, hopeful futures”, highlighting the significance of the well being of moms and infants forming the muse of wholesome households and communities, thereby serving to to make sure hopeful futures for us all. On this context, let’s discover the varied Authorities initiatives within the well being sector.

Key Takeaways :

Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)

1. The Ayushman Bharat Yojana, also called the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), is the world’s largest public medical health insurance scheme.

2. Launched by the Authorities of India in 2018, AB-PMJAY’s major goal is to supply complete well being protection of as much as ₹5 lakh per household per yr. It connects the private and non-private well being sectors right into a one-nation, one-system.

3. PMJAY is for inpatient secondary and tertiary care. Outpatient companies aren’t part of the scheme. The latter part is being addressed by Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs), earlier referred to as Well being and Wellness Centres. With over 1,75,000 AAMs free consultations and lots of medicines (as much as 172) and diagnostics (as much as 63) are being supplied free.

4. Notably, on October 29 (Ayurveda Day) final yr, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Ayushman Vaya Vandana well being playing cards underneath the AB PM-JAY to supply well being protection to folks aged 70 years and above, no matter their revenue and financial standing.

Nationwide Well being Mission (NHM) 

1. The NHM was launched as Nationwide Rural Well being Mission (NRHM) by central authorities in 2005. In 2013, the Centre included the city part .i.e. Nationwide City Well being Mission (NUHM) within the mission and NRHM was rebranded because the Nationwide Well being Mission, consisting of two sub-missions: NRHM and NUHM.

2. The primary program parts embrace Well being System Strengthening, Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Little one, and Adolescent Well being (RMNCH+A), in addition to Communicable and Non-Communicable Ailments.

3. The Nationwide Well being Mission goals to realize common entry to equitable, reasonably priced, and high-quality healthcare companies which might be accountable and aware of the wants of the inhabitants.

4. In January this yr, the Union Cupboard reviewed the progress underneath the Nationwide Well being Mission over the past three years and was knowledgeable that with vital progress in the direction of reaching the Sustainable Improvement Targets (SDGs), India is on observe to satisfy its well being targets effectively forward of the 2030 deadline.

Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)

1. Launched in 2016, the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan goals to supply assured, complete and high quality antenatal care, freed from value, universally to all pregnant girls on the ninth of each month.

2. PMSMA ensures a minimal bundle of antenatal care companies to girls of their 2nd/third trimesters of being pregnant at designated authorities well being amenities.

3. Based on the web site of PMSMA. “the programme follows a scientific strategy for engagement with non-public sector which incorporates motivating non-public practitioners to volunteer for the marketing campaign; creating methods for producing consciousness and interesting to the non-public sector to take part within the Abhiyan at authorities well being amenities.”

Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)

1. Launched in 2003, the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) goals to appropriate regional imbalances within the availability of reasonably priced/dependable tertiary healthcare companies and in addition to enhance amenities for high quality medical training within the nation.

2. PMSSY has two parts: (i) Organising of AIIMS (ii) Upgradation of Authorities Medical School(GMC)/Establishments.

Mission Indradhanush

1. Mission Indradhanush was launched in December 2014. It goals at rising the complete immunization protection to youngsters to 90%.

2. Underneath this mission focus is given on pockets of low immunization protection and hard-to-reach areas the place the proportion of unvaccinated and partially vaccinated youngsters is highest.

3. Based on the web site of Nationwide Well being Mission. “a complete of six phases of Mission Indradhanush have been accomplished, masking 554 districts throughout the nation. Whereas the primary two phases of Mission Indradhanush resulted in 6.7% enhance in full immunization protection in a yr, a latest survey carried out in 190 districts lined in Intensified Mission Indradhanush (fifth section of Mission Indradhanush) reveals 18.5% factors enhance in full immunization protection as in comparison with NFHS-4 survey carried out in 2015-16.)

BEYOND THE NUGGET: Prime main causes of loss of life globally

( Authorities well being insurance policies and schemes are formulated on the premise of rising illnesses and the burden of varied diseases. Subsequently, understanding the main causes of loss of life is crucial, not solely to determine areas that want consideration but additionally to grasp the patterns of illnesses that have an effect on the inhabitants. This understanding permits for the formulation of applicable insurance policies.)

1. The World Well being Organisation’s (WHO) World Well being Statistics 2024 reported that in 2021, the next high 10 causes of loss of life accounted for 39 million deaths, or 57% of the whole 68 million deaths worldwide.

Supply: World Well being Organisation

2. At a world stage, seven out of the ten main causes of loss of life in 2021 have been non-communicable illnesses, which collectively accounted for 38% of all deaths, or 68% of the highest ten causes.

3. Notably, illnesses that have been among the many high 10 in 2000 are not on the checklist, resembling HIV and AIDS, which have fallen by 61%, and diarrhoeal illnesses, which have dropped by 45%.

Put up Learn Questions

(1) Close to Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, think about the next statements: (UPSC CSE 2022)

1. Personal and public hospitals should undertake it.

2. Because it goals to realize common well being protection, each citizen of India ought to be a part of it in the end.

3. It has seamless portability throughout the nation.

Which of the statements given above is/are appropriate?

(a) 1 and a pair of solely

(b) 3 solely

(c) 1 and three solely

(d) 1, 2 and three 

(2) ‘Mission Indradhanush’ launched by the Authorities of India pertains to (UPSC CSE 2016)

(a)  immunization of kids and pregnant girls

(b)  development of sensible cities throughout the nation

(c) India’s personal seek for the Earth-like planets in outer area

(d) New Instructional Coverage

(3) Close to the Nationwide Rural Well being Mission, which of the next are the roles of ‘ASHA’, a educated group well being employee? ( UPSC CSE 2012)

1. Accompanying girls to the well being facility for antenatal care checkup

2. Utilizing being pregnant take a look at kits for early detection of being pregnant

3. Offering data on vitamin and immunisation.

4. Conducting the supply of child

Choose the right reply utilizing the codes given under:

(a) 1, 2 and three solely

(b) 2 and 4 solely

(c) 1 and three solely

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(Sources: nhm.gov.in, pmsma.mohfw.gov, pmssy.mohfw.gov, Data Nugget: How are ASHA staff and Nationwide Well being Mission related for UPSC examination?,  Prime 10 main causes of loss of life globally: A glance into India’s circumstances, Senior residents aged 70 and above to get free therapy as much as Rs 5 lakh underneath Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY)

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