UPSC Weekly Present Affairs Quiz | November 17 to November 23, 2024 | UPSC Present Affairs Information

1. The founding treaty of ICC is named the Rome Statute.

2. ICC can not prosecute crimes in opposition to humanity.

3. The crime of aggression falls throughout the ICC’s jurisdiction.

How lots of the statements given above are right?

(a) Just one

(b) Solely two

(c) All three

(d) None

Rationalization

— The Worldwide Legal Courtroom (ICC) has issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his former defence minister Yoav Gallant for “crimes in opposition to humanity and battle crimes”.

— The ICC, headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands, was established underneath a 1998 treaty referred to as the “Rome Statute”. Therefore, assertion 1 is right.

— It “investigates and, the place warranted, tries people charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the worldwide neighborhood: genocide, battle crimes, crimes in opposition to humanity and the crime of aggression.” Therefore, assertion 2 just isn’t right and assertion 3 is right.

— At current, 124 international locations are celebration to the Rome Statute, together with Britain, Japan, Afghanistan, and Germany. India just isn’t a member, nor are China and the US.

Subsequently, choice (b) is the right reply.

QUESTION 2

The International Alliance In opposition to Starvation and Poverty was within the information. It was launched by:

(a) Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

(b) Affiliation of Southeast Asian Nations

(c) G20

(d) East Asia Summit

Rationalization

— The G20 Leaders’ Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was headlined by the official launch of the International Alliance In opposition to Starvation and Poverty.

— The initiative will function a platform for connecting international locations in want of help with public insurance policies focused in the direction of eradicating starvation and poverty, with companions keen to supply experience or monetary help.

— In 2015, all 193 UN Member States adopted the ‘2030 Agenda for Sustainable Growth’ which aimed to, amongst different issues, finish poverty and starvation, and obtain meals safety and improved vitamin by 2030.

— In keeping with Brazil President Lula da Silva, 81 international locations (together with India), 26 worldwide organisations, 9 monetary establishments, and 31 philanthropic foundations and non-governmental organisations have already joined the Alliance.

— The Alliance will present a platform for international locations to help every others’ public insurance policies geared toward eradicating starvation and poverty. In keeping with a factsheet launched by the Alliance, “any member nation can entry confirmed greatest practices from different members and determine potential companions keen to help within the improvement of its personal nationwide mannequin.” Help could also be within the type of technical experience or monetary help.

Subsequently, choice (c) is the right reply.

QUESTION 3

Close to the Paris Settlement, think about the next statements:

1. It’s a global accord adopted in 2015 to deal with local weather change and its opposed results.

2. The treaty additionally requires all Events to state each 5 years what they’re doing to deal with local weather change.

3. There isn’t a process and timeline for a rustic’s withdrawal from the treaty.

Which of the statements given above are right?

(a) 1 and three solely

(b) 2 and three solely

(c) 1 and a pair of solely

(d) 1, 2 and three

Rationalization

— Argentina’s far-right President Javier Milei is contemplating withdrawing his nation from the Paris Settlement, which goals to curb international greenhouse fuel (GHG) emissions, in keeping with a number of Western media stories.

— The Paris Settlement is a global accord that was adopted by almost each nation in 2015 to deal with local weather change and its opposed results. Therefore, assertion 1 is right.

— Its main aim is to considerably cut back GHG emissions in a bid to restrict international warming on this century to “nicely under” 2 levels Celsius above pre-industrial ranges, whereas pursuing the means to curb warming to 1.5 levels.

— The settlement mentions the safer restrict of 1.5 levels primarily based on a fact-finding report which discovered that breaching the brink might result in “some areas and susceptible ecosystems” going through excessive dangers, over an prolonged, decades-long interval.

— The treaty additionally requires all Events (international locations which have joined the settlement) to state each 5 years what they’re doing to deal with local weather change — what is named their nationally decided contribution (NDC). Every successive NDC is supposed to replicate an more and more increased diploma of ambition in comparison with the earlier model, in keeping with the web site of the United Nations Framework Conference on Local weather Change (UNFCCC). Therefore, assertion 2 is right.

— Article 28 of the Paris Settlement lays out the process and timeline for a rustic’s withdrawal from the treaty. Therefore, assertion 3 just isn’t right.

— If a member state desires to withdraw from the treaty, it has to submit the notification of a withdrawal to the Workplace of Authorized Affairs of the UN, primarily based at UN Headquarters in New York. As soon as the withdrawal notification has been acquired, it solely turns into efficient after one yr (or later if the member state so says within the notification).

Subsequently, choice (c) is the right reply.

QUESTION 4

Contemplate the next pairs:

How lots of the pairs given above are accurately marked?

(a) Just one pair

(b) Solely two pairs

(c) Solely three pairs

(d) All 4 pairs

Rationalization

— In response to the US and UK giving a greenlight to Kyiv to strike Russia with superior Western weapons, Russia fired a hypersonic intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) on the Ukrainian metropolis of Dnipro.

— Ballistic missiles use projectile movement to ship warheads on a goal. They’re powered for a comparatively transient time, after which they let the legal guidelines of physics take them to their goal.

(Supply of desk: UN Workplace of Disarmament Affairs)

Subsequently, choice (c) is the right reply.

QUESTION 5

Not too long ago, the Madras Excessive Courtroom allowed The Music Academy, Madras, to confer the Sangita Kalanidhi Award — thought-about the very best honour for a Carnatic musician — on vocalist:

(a) N. L. Ganasaraswathi

(b) L. R. Eswari

(c) Konerirajapuram Vaidyanatha Ayyar

(d) T M Krishna

Rationalization

— Earlier this week, the Madras Excessive Courtroom granted The Music Academy, Madras, permission to confer the Sangita Kalanidhi Award — thought-about the very best honour for a Carnatic musician — on vocalist T M Krishna, however requested that M S Subbulakshmi’s identify be faraway from the mirror award given alongside, referred to as the Sangita Kalanidhi MS Subbulakshmi Award, and a money prize of Rs 1 lakh.

— Initially named Sangita Kalanidhi, Subbulakshmi’s identify was added to the award in 2005, almost a yr after the famed Carnatic vocalist died in 2004, and the Academy, together with The Hindu newspaper group, established the financial award. Final yr, Bombay Jayashree acquired the distinguished prize.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 6

Close to the Instrument Touchdown System (ILS), think about the next statements:

1. It permits planes to land in extraordinarily poor visibility situations.

2. It offers the horizontal angle between a reference path (on this case the runway) and a line to a degree of curiosity (the plane).

3. The ILS doesn’t present the vertical descent profile for the plane.

Which of the statements given above is/are right?

(a) 1 solely

(b) 2 and three solely

(c) 2 solely

(d) 1 and a pair of solely

Rationalization

— With the nationwide capital enveloped in a blanket of noxious smog, flight operations on the Indira Gandhi Worldwide Airport in Delhi have been impacted.

— CAT III refers to an Instrument Touchdown System (ILS) which permits planes to land in extraordinarily poor visibility situations, like what’s at present being seen in Delhi. Therefore, assertion 1 is right.

— Touchdown is taken into account probably the most tough and dangerous part of piloting an plane. In keeping with Boeing examine, the ultimate descent and touchdown account for round 4% of the standard flight time. Nevertheless, a staggering 49% of deadly incidents happen inside this small span.

— Poor imaginative and prescient is one in all a number of variables that contribute to the problem of touchdown aeroplanes. In such situations, pilots have few to no visible clues to depend on when touchdown an plane, making it tough to exactly calculate the glide path to the bottom and the plane’s alignment with the runway.

— The ILS is a selected ground-based radio navigation system that gives pilots correct details about their plane’s glide path and alignment with the runway.

— It offers azimuth steering. Azimuth refers back to the horizontal angle between a reference path (on this case the runway) and a line to a degree of curiosity (the plane). Therefore, assertion 2 is right.

— The ILS offers the right vertical descent profile for the plane. In different phrases, it tells the pilot whether or not the plane is just too excessive or too low at any given distance from the runway. That is performed with the assistance of a glidescope (GS). Therefore, assertion 3 just isn’t right.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 7

The Kursk area was seen within the information. It’s situated in:

(a) Russia

(b) Romania

(c) Ukraine

(d) Turkey

Rationalization

— Russia’s deployment of North Korean troops within the Ukraine battle is a “grave escalation”, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz is learnt to have informed Russian President Vladimir Putin in a cellphone name on November 15, as reported by the BBC.

— South Korea’s spy company had stated that North Korean troopers have been seemingly combating the Ukrainians in Russia’s Kursk area. Russia has not confirmed these stories.

Subsequently, choice (a) is the right reply.

QUESTION 8

Close to the Armed Forces Particular Powers Act (AFSPA), think about the next statements:

1. The legislation was first introduced as an ordinance after which notified as an Act in 1958.

2. It traces its roots to a colonial statute launched in response to the Non-Cooperation Motion in 1920.

3. It has by no means been imposed within the state of Arunachal Pradesh.

4. It provides army personnel energy to arrest people and search premises with out warrants on the idea of “cheap suspicion”.

How lots of the statements given above are right?

(a) Just one

(b) Solely two

(c) Solely three

(d) All 4

Rationalization

— The Centre reimposed the Armed Forces Particular Powers Act (AFSPA) in six police station areas of Manipur. The Dwelling Ministry’s notification talked about the “unstable” state of affairs and “energetic participation of rebel teams in heinous acts of violence” as the explanations.

— AFSPA, which traces its roots to a colonial statute launched in response to the Give up India Motion in 1942, was retained in unbiased India. Therefore, assertion 2 just isn’t right.

— The legislation was first introduced as an ordinance, after which notified as an Act in 1958. Through the years, AFSPA has been imposed within the Northeast, Jammu and Kashmir, and Punjab (through the years of militancy). It stays in drive in components of Nagaland, Assam, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh, and everything of J&Ok. Therefore, assertion 1 is right and assertion 3 just isn’t right.

— AFSPA provides sweeping powers to the armed forces by offering army personnel blanket immunity for a spread of actions.

— It permits the army to open hearth — and even trigger dying — in opposition to any individual breaking the legislation or carrying arms and ammunition. It additionally provides them the facility to arrest people and search premises with out warrants on the idea of “cheap suspicion”. Therefore, assertion 4 is right.

Subsequently, choice (b) is the right reply.

QUESTION 9

Close to the Small modular reactors, think about the next statements:

1. These are superior nuclear reactors which have an influence capability of as much as 1000 MW(e) per unit.

2. It’s extra advanced to construct than massive energy reactors.

Which of the statements given above is/are right?

(a) 1 solely

(b) 2 solely

(c) Each 1 and a pair of

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Rationalization

— On commerce and financial system, the factors of convergence between India’s enterprise pursuits and Trumponomics are starting to get understandable. The one potential space of mutual curiosity may very well be Small Modular Reactors.

— Small modular reactors (SMRs) are superior nuclear reactors which have an influence capability of as much as 300 MW(e) per unit, which is about one-third of the producing capability of conventional nuclear energy reactors. Therefore, assertion 1 just isn’t right.

— Lots of the advantages of SMRs stem from their tiny and modular design. Due to their decreased measurement, SMRs will be in-built locations the place bigger nuclear energy amenities wouldn’t be possible. Prefabricated SMR items will be constructed, delivered, and put in on-site, making them cheaper to construct than large energy reactors, that are usually custom-designed for a selected space, leading to development delays.

— SMRs are cheaper and take much less time to construct, they usually could also be deployed step by step to satisfy rising power demand. Therefore, assertion 2 just isn’t right.

— There are at present 4 principal varieties, every utilizing a special coolant to handle the intense warmth of a nuclear fission response — gentle water, high-temperature fuel, liquid steel, and molten salt.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 10

The time period “peak oil” refers to:

(a) an estimate of the quantity of petroleum that may be recovered from identified sources.

(b) an oil nicely with a lot stress that oil flows out of the nicely head into the air.

(c) highest quantity of oil extraction from any nation at any given level of time.

(d) the purpose when international manufacturing would high out, earlier than completely operating out.

Rationalization

— The time period “peak oil” used to imply the purpose when international manufacturing would high out, earlier than completely operating out.

— In 1956, M. King Hubbert, a US geoscientist working for fossil gasoline big Shell, predicted that world crude oil manufacturing would peak across the yr 2000, earlier than declining and at last ceasing completely.

— It got here as a shock to petroleum producers, who had relied on oil to energy a thriving international financial system.

— In keeping with the IEA’s 2024 World Vitality Funding report, spending for clear applied sciences overtook fossil gasoline funding for the primary time in 2023, and is anticipated to succeed in $2 trillion (€1.8 trillion) this yr, with barely greater than $1 trillion going to coal, fuel, and oil.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 11

WOH G64 was within the information. It refers to:

(a) Jupiter’s moon

(b) Galaxy 1.8 gentle years away from Milky Means

(c) Big star within the Massive Magellanic Cloud

(d) Asteroid

Rationalization

— Scientists have achieved the uncommon feat of getting a close-up shot of a star that’s 1,60,000 light-years away from our galaxy and has a mass that’s 2,000 instances of the Solar. The primary-ever, excessive close-up of the dying star reveals some essential particulars about its exercise and surrounding layers.

— The large star, referred to as WOH G64, has been noticed with superb decision by ESO’s Very Massive Telescope Interferometer (VLTI).

— The WOH 64 is a big star within the Massive Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf or satellite tv for pc galaxy that circles our Milky Means and can also be one of many nearest galaxies to Earth.

Subsequently, choice (c) is the right reply.

QUESTION 12

Part 479 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) is expounded to:

(a) Plea bargaining

(b) Present compensation to people who find themselves wrongfully accused

(c) forensic investigation for offences punishable with at the very least seven years of imprisonment.

(d) Most interval for which an undertrial prisoner will be detained.

Rationalization

— Union Dwelling Minister Amit Shah on Tuesday stated that undertrials who’ve spent greater than a 3rd of the utmost prescribed sentence for the crime they’re accused of committing needs to be launched earlier than Structure Day (November 26).

— Part 479 of the BNSS lays down the “Most interval for which [an] undertrial prisoner will be detained”.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 13

Close to Coking coal, think about the next statements:

1. Coking coal is included within the checklist of vital minerals of India.

2. India’s export of the mineral is way increased than that of the EU.

Which of the statements given above is/are right?

(a) 1 solely

(b) 2 solely

(c) Each 1 and a pair of

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Rationalization

— The federal government should embody coking coal within the checklist of vital minerals and supply particular dispensation to reinforce the home manufacturing of the important thing uncooked materials for metal manufacturing, in keeping with a Niti Aayog report. Therefore, assertion 1 just isn’t right.

— The report ‘Enhancing Home Coking Coal Availability to Cut back the Import of Coking Coal’, stated contemplating India’s commitments to Internet Zero by 2070, the nation’s pursuits can be higher served by absolutely utilising the proved reserves of medium coking coal (16.5 billion tonne) in India for metallurgical functions.

— The European Union has declared the ingredient as a vital uncooked materials together with 29 different uncooked supplies which embody ‘inexperienced power’ minerals like lithium, cobalt, and uncommon earths.

— India’s import dependence on the mineral is about 85 per cent, a lot increased than that of the EU (roughly 62 per cent). Therefore, assertion 2 just isn’t right.

Subsequently, choice (d) is the right reply.

QUESTION 14

‘Fentanyl’ seen in information is:

(a) artificial opioid drug

(b) an oxidiser ingredient in stable propellant mixtures for missiles, rockets, and munitions.

(c) reverse ageing chemical

(d) psychoactive drug used as a fact serum

Rationalization

— For the primary time in a long time, public well being knowledge from the US present a decline in drug overdose deaths throughout the nation. In keeping with the Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention (CDC), 111,802 overdose deaths have been reported within the 12 months ending August 2023. This quantity fell to 93,087 in June 2024 (the final month for which knowledge can be found) — a 16.4% drop in a 10-month span.

— Fentanyl, an artificial opioid, lies on the coronary heart of the US’ drug disaster, and contributes to the vast majority of overdose deaths.

Subsequently, choice (a) is the right reply.

QUESTION 15

Which of the next pairs is not accurately matched?

Choose the right reply utilizing the code given under:

(a) 1 solely

(b) 2 solely

(c) 3 solely

(d) 2 and three solely

Rationalization

— Earlier this month, the Chhattisgarh authorities notified the Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla as India’s 56th tiger reserve.

— It’s the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh after Achanakmar, Indravati, and Udanti Sitanadi.

— The Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla is situated between two different vital tiger reserves: Bandhavgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Palamau, Jharkhand. It’s adjoining to the Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve, additionally in MP.

Subsequently, choice (a) is the right reply.

Earlier Weekly Quiz

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UPSC Weekly Present Affairs Quiz | October 27 to November 02, 2024

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