Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of nationwide and worldwide significance
Mains Examination: GS-I and GS II: Indian tradition, Agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s pursuits.
What’s the continued story- From the nation’s spiritual variety to sending a message of peace to the world “at a time when it’s wanted essentially the most”, India’s “strategic place alongside the traditional silk and spice routes” to its “continued rise on the worldwide stage” — all these kind a part of the Indian Olympic Affiliation’s pitch for the 2036 Olympic Video games.
Key Factors to ponder:
• What’s the Worldwide Olympic Committee (IOC)?
• What’s the course of for an Olympics bid?
• Examine India’s historic Silk and Spice Routes
• What could be the advantages of internet hosting the Olympics for India?
• Examine Sports activities Authority of India’s Mission Olympic Cell (MOC)
Key takeaways:
• The IOA’s letter to the Worldwide Olympic Committee (IOC) despatched final month, declaring its “intent to host the Olympic and Paralympic Video games in Bharat (India)”, was drafted in session with the federal government. It marks an vital step in India’s bid for the 2036 Video games. Different nations within the race embrace Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Turkey.
• Confirming the contents of the letter, two officers concerned in India’s 2036 bid mentioned it has dipped into the nation’s “huge cultural variety, formed by 1000’s of years of historical past”. “Our society is a mosaic of religions, together with Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism, every contributing to our wealthy cultural heritage and society,” the letter is learnt to say.
• “The spirit of ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’—a Sanskrit phrase which means ‘the world is one household’—unites all the nation on this dream of in search of peace, friendship, and collaborative progress amongst all nations. That is India’s and our Olympic bid’s message to the world at a vital time,” in accordance with insiders.
• The ambition to host the Olympics is a nationwide goal with widespread backing from authorities, the general public, and the non-public sector. Our distinctive location alongside the traditional Silk and Spice Routes made India a hub for travellers from Persia, China, Central Asia, the Center East, and Europe.
Do You Know:
• India’s major contenders are more likely to be Saudi Arabia and Qatar, as there may be an unwritten regulation of continent rotation, with the 2036 Video games scheduled for Asia following Paris 2024 (Europe), Los Angeles 2028 (Americas), and Brisbane 2032 (Oceania).
• After submitting the ‘Letter of Intent’, India advances from the ‘Casual Dialogue’ to the ‘Steady Dialogue’ stage of the host election course of. Throughout this stage, the IOC performs a ‘feasibility examine’ on the standing of Video games-related tasks within the doable host nation. The Worldwide Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) will seek the advice of with unbiased sources on a variety of subjects, together with human rights, enterprise for social accountability (BSR), and sustainability.
• The idea was initially addressed in December of final yr, two months after Prime Minister Narendra Modi introduced India’s curiosity in internet hosting the 2036 Olympics throughout a gathering of the Sports activities Authority of India’s Mission Olympic Cell (MOC). The MOC is made up of a few of India’s finest former athletes, high-ranking federation executives, and representatives from the Sports activities Ministry and the Sports activities Authority of India.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍 2036 Olympics: India makes internet hosting bid with ‘Letter of Intent’ to Worldwide Olympic Committee
📍 India’s Olympic bid: Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Turkey, Indonesia amongst main opponents
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Prelims
1. Think about the next statements in respect of the thirty second Summer season Olympics: (UPSC 2021)
1. The official motto for this Olympics is “A New World”.
2. Sport: Climbing, Browsing, Skateboarding, Karate and Baseball are included on this Olympics.
Which of the above statements is/are appropriate?
(a) 1 solely
(b) 2 solely
(c) Each 1 and a couple of
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
EXPRESS NETWORK
Sexual harassment case can’t be closed on the idea of compromise: SC
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity & Governance
Mains Examination: GS-II: Construction, organisation and functioning of the Judiciary, Authorities insurance policies and interventions for growth in numerous sectors and points arising out of their design and implementation.
What’s the continued story- The Supreme Court docket mentioned a sexual harassment case can’t be closed after a compromise is reached between the rival events as such offences have critical affect on the society.
Key Factors to ponder:
• Learn in regards to the Supreme Court docket
• What’s part 482 of CrPC?
• Learn in regards to the POCSO Act and gaps in its implementation.
• What’s the high quality of justice below POCSO?
Key takeaways:
• The apex courtroom made the remark whereas setting apart the Rajasthan Excessive Court docket’s determination to quash a POCSO case in opposition to a faculty instructor following a compromise reached between him and the daddy of the minor sufferer.
• The HC had quashed the case exercising its inherent powers below Part 482 CrPC “to make such orders as could also be mandatory to provide impact to any order below this Code, or to stop abuse of the method of any Court docket or in any other case to safe the ends of justice.”
• A bench of Justices C T Ravikumar and Sanjay Kumar referred to the SC’s 2012 determination in Gian Singh v. State of Punjab, which it mentioned had laid down in unambiguous phrases…that “earlier than exercising the ability below Part 482, CrPC, the Excessive Court docket should have due regard to the character and gravity of the crime” and held that “heinous and critical offences couldn’t be quashed although a sufferer or sufferer’s household and the offender had settled the dispute”.
• Justice Ravikumar reported that “this courtroom held that such offences usually are not non-public in nature and have a critical affect on the society” , and since “it’s the bounden obligation of the courtroom involved to contemplate whether or not the compromise is simply and truthful moreover being free from undue stress we are going to proceed to contemplate the matter additional” .
• Based on the courtroom, “the objects and causes for the enactment of the POCSO Act… would undoubtedly present that quashing of proceedings initiated below POCSO Act abruptly… would go in opposition to the very intention of the legislature behind the enactment.”
Do You Know:
• The Supreme Court docket has dominated that in instances of “bodily accidents reminiscent of sexual assault, significantly on minor youngsters and girls,” Classes Courts should order compensation be supplied to the sufferer whereas convicting or acquitting the accused.
• A bench of Justices B V Nagarathna and Pankaj Mithal additional dominated that the instruction have to be carried out by the District Authorized Providers Authority or the State Authorized Providers Authority.
• The courtroom additional famous that the appellant had already served barely greater than half of the sentence imposed by the Classes Court docket, and that the sentence was unlikely to be expanded as such by the excessive courtroom. “Within the circumstances, we discover that the appellant is entitled to suspension of sentence and launch on bail”.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍Sexual offence in opposition to minors, ladies | Classes Courts should order compensation: SC
📍10 years of POCSO: An evaluation of India’s landmark baby abuse regulation
EDITORIAL
Ripples of Victory
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of Worldwide significance.
Mains Examination: GS-II: Impact of insurance policies and politics of developed and growing nations on India’s pursuits, Indian diaspora.
What’s the continued story- Because the mud settles on a keenly contested US presidential election, the main focus will shift to the doubtless penalties and disruptions within the foreseeable future – for one, by way of the financial affect of Donald Trump’s second time period as president. Trump ran a marketing campaign centered on the promise to Make America Nice Once more (MAGA).
Key Factors to ponder:
• Examine India-US relations.
• What tariffs did Donald Trump plans to introduce? The way it will affect Indian market?
• Comparability – Indian Structure and American Structure
• India-US relations in Trump 1.0
Key takeaways:
• Outdoors of the US, such a marketing campaign promise seems uncommon, owing to the truth that the US has lengthy been and continues to be the world’s dominant financial energy. Inside the US, nevertheless, there was tangible resentment of the globalisation course of, fuelled by a perception that the remainder of the world has profited on the expense of the US. Because the starting of his first presidential marketing campaign in 2016, Trump has forcefully expressed his dissatisfaction and persistently promised to protect US pursuits by implementing insurance policies which can be firmly “America First”.
• Because the finish of World Conflict II, and significantly following the Chilly Conflict, the US has guided the world order by army power in addition to by establishing the foundations and laws for world commerce and enterprise. Throughout his first time period, Trump’s insurance policies aimed to upend the worldwide order by taking a extra inward-looking, insular, and transactional strategy. This stunned each its supporters and opponents. For instance, Trump has questioned the function of different NATO nations, demanding that they contribute their truthful quantity.
• A distinguished component of his first administration was a pointy enhance in tariffs and commerce restrictions on China. Throughout his second time period, Trump guarantees or threatens to do extra of the identical. He goals to utilise punitively excessive import tariffs as the main weapon for lowering the US’s commerce deficits with EU nations and Asian economies reminiscent of China and South Korea.
• He has additionally promised to not drag the US into new worldwide conflicts and is unlikely to extend help for current ones, together with as Russia’s warfare with Ukraine.
Do You Know:
• Whereas Trump’s promise to curb each authorized and unlawful immigration could possibly be inflationary in a full-employment scenario, because the US has skilled prior to now months, the President elect additionally proposed just lately to “routinely” giving inexperienced playing cards to overseas nationals who graduate from an American faculty.
• Home funding demand-related subjects and financials might revenue from a weak US forex on account of cheaper import costs and better rates of interest, respectively. Within the brief time period, nevertheless, the anticipated discount within the company tax charge (21% to fifteen%) might liberate funds for US-based finish customers of India service suppliers, leading to elevated demand.
• Analysts imagine that Trump’s projected hefty tariffs on Chinese language items may scale back China’s development by greater than 2 share factors over the next yr.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍What Trumponomics means for India, the world
📍Recalling India-US relations in Trump 1.0
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Mains
“The USA is going through an existential risk within the type of China, that’s way more difficult than the erstwhile Soviet Union.” Clarify. (UPSC 2021)
CoP for Consensus
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Common points on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity & local weather change
Mains Examination: GS-III and GS II: Conservation, environmental air pollution and degradation, environmental affect evaluation, Vital Worldwide establishments.
What’s the continued story- Aarti Khosla writes securing higher local weather funds for the World South has emerged because the pre-eminent objective for CoP29. It’s a mandatory pursuit because the growing world homes the vast majority of the worst-affected areas. Nevertheless, the World South and the World North mustn’t come to the desk as adversaries.
Key Factors to ponder:
• Examine CoP 29
• What’s UNFCCC?
• What are GHG emissions?
• Examine Paris Settlement
• By which yr India targets to realize net-zero emissions?
Key takeaways:
• The World South’s finance wants have shot as much as over $1 trillion a yr at this time, in comparison with the $100 billion a yr provided again in 2009. But, the numbers recommend that it was solely in 2022 that the financing went previous $100 billion for the primary time.
• Nonetheless, greater than half of it’s believed to be within the type of loans to already struggling nations. Because of this, neither the quantity of monies nor the best way wherein they’re disbursed instill confidence. Based on experiences, a number of the poorest World South nations spend round 40% of their budgets simply on debt servicing, although they sorely must channel each greenback into new clean-energy capability and climate-resilient cities and cities.
• That is worsened by a scarcity of entry to concessional financing, as the price of capital for investing in vital infrastructure (reminiscent of utility-scale photo voltaic) in, occasion, Germany could be three to 4 occasions decrease than in India. It worsens in traditionally riskier markets, reminiscent of Sub-Saharan Africa.
• Nevertheless, climatic impacts usually are not simply threatening to disrupt vital sectors within the World South, reminiscent of agriculture and insurance coverage. The rich nations are additionally experiencing sudden wildfires, extreme floods, and heatwaves. So it’s comprehensible that their traders could be hesitant to tackle additional threat by lending to the growing nations.
• The amended draft of the UN’s New Collective Quantified Aim states that “events with excessive GHG emissions and financial capabilities” can be obliged to contribute to the worldwide local weather fund corpus.
• The financial system promotes profitability, thus step one could possibly be for World South nations to allow greater returns. For instance, if a personal investor expects a 12-13 % annual return on an enormous infrastructure undertaking in India and takes 8-10 years to interrupt even, maybe it’s time to enhance it to 17-18 % (or much more) over the identical interval. This could permit the investor to recoup the funds sooner, earn a bigger revenue, and have the identical cash obtainable for reinvestment a lot sooner.
Do You Know:
• The most recent World Meteorological Organisation information reveals that 2023 was the warmest yr on report. It finds that GHG ranges reached a brand new excessive in 2023, “committing the planet to rising temperatures for a few years to come back”. Carbon dioxide is accumulating within the environment at a charge unprecedented in human historical past, with ranges rising by greater than 10% in solely twenty years.
• One other evaluation highlighted the “quick well being impacts” of rising temperatures. The Lancet Countdown’s ninth report on well being and local weather reveals that “final yr, individuals the world over confronted unprecedented threats to their well being from the quickly altering local weather”.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍Specific View: The duty at CoP 29
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Mains
Focus on intimately the picture chemical smog emphasising its formation, results and mitigation. Clarify the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol. (2022)
Describe the main outcomes of the twenty sixth session of the Convention of Events (COP) to the United Nations Framework Conference on local weather change (UNFCCC). What are the commitments made by India on this convention? (2021)
IDEAS PAGE
Not so eminent area
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity & Governance – Structure, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Coverage, Rights Points, and many others.
Mains Examination: GS-II: Indian Structure, Construction, organisation and functioning of the Govt and the Judiciary.
What’s the continued story- On the coronary heart of the Supreme Court docket’s nine-judge bench determination within the Property House owners Affiliation v State of Maharashtra (2024) case is an outdated battle: Property rights versus the state’s energy of eminent area. This was one of many defining constitutional points within the first three many years of the republic, leading to a protracted tussle between the courtroom and the legislature.
Key Factors to ponder:
• Examine Property House owners Affiliation v State of Maharashtra (2024)
• What’s Article 31-C?
• What are materials assets close to the non-public property?
• Examine Article 39 (b)
Key takeaways:
• Courts stored hanging down legal guidelines which infringed on the best to property and Parliament stored amending the Structure to slim the best additional.
• In 1971, Parliament enacted Article 31-C, which said that if a regulation was meant to advance the Directive Rules enshrined in Articles 39 (b) and (c) of the Structure, it couldn’t be thought of to contradict the Proper to Equality or the freedoms granted by Article 19.
• The nine-judge bench was requested to outline the phrase “materials assets of the group” because it seems in Article 39(b). Although optional, Article 39(b) encourages the State to implement insurance policies that guarantee “that the possession and management of the group’s materials assets are so distributed as finest to subserve the frequent good.”
• Within the context of a 1986 modification to the Maharashtra Housing and Improvement (MHADA) Act, which permitted the state authorities to take over decaying buildings from their house owners and hire them out to renters, the query arose: would “materials assets of the group” essentially embrace non-public property? In the event that they did, constructing house owners could be unable to problem the statute on the idea that it violated their rights below Articles 14 and 19.
• The bulk judgement, written by CJI DY Chandrachud (on behalf of himself and 6 different judges), maintains that “materials assets of the group” might embrace non-public property, however not all forms of non-public property. The bulk believes that whether or not non-public property constitutes “materials assets” is “context-dependent” and offers a non-exhaustive checklist of variables to contemplate when figuring out whether or not such non-public property is a “materials useful resource”. These elements embrace the useful resource’s nature, affect on “group well-being,” shortage, and so forth.
• The Court docket’s ruling is on two provisions. First, on Article 31C, the “secure harbour” provision that shielded legal guidelines enacted to provide impact to Article 39(b). Second, and consequently, the interpretation of Article 39(b) and what contains “materials assets.”
Do You Know:
• The Supreme Court docket’s determination within the Property House owners Affiliation is definitely about judicial evaluation. Article 31C tried to restrict the scope of judicial evaluation of legal guidelines limiting the best to property.
• The bulk determination on this case broadened judicial scrutiny of such legal guidelines in a brand new vogue, permitting the courtroom to guage on a case-by-case foundation whether or not a statute transferring non-public property infringes elementary rights or not.
• Now, the courtroom will decide what 39(b) means in every case earlier than contemplating whether or not the regulation is past its jurisdiction. The courtroom successfully prevented Article 31C’s try to ban judicial scrutiny of particular forms of statutes.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍The which means of personal property has advanced. SC verdict on Article 39(b) recognises this
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Prelims
2. Below the Indian structure focus of wealth violates (UPSC 2021)
(a) The Proper to Equality
(b) The Directive Rules of State Coverage
(c) The Proper to Freedom
(d) The Idea of Welfare
3. Close to the provisions contained in Half IV of the Structure of India, which of the next statements is/are appropriate? (UPSC 2020)
1. They shall be enforceable by courts.
2. They shall not be enforceable by any courtroom.
3. The ideas laid down on this half are to affect the making of legal guidelines by the State.
Choose the proper reply utilizing the code given under:
(a) 1 solely
(b) 2 solely
(c) 1 and three solely
(d) 2 and three solely
ECONOMY
Causes for advancing CPI, IIP launch timings, and potential challenges
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Financial & Social Improvement
Mains Examination: GS-III: Indian Financial system and points regarding planning, mobilisation, of assets, development, growth and employment.
What’s the continued story- Altering over a decade-old apply of releasing the intently watched retail inflation and manufacturing facility output information at 5:30 pm on the twelfth of each month, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) on Tuesday introduced new timings for information launched at 4 pm.
Key Factors to ponder:
• What’s retail inflation?
• What’s Shopper Value Indices (CPI)?
• How is the bottom yr calculated or mounted?
• Examine several types of inflation.
Key takeaways:
• The Ministry mentioned the revision in information launch timings is being achieved “to supply extra time on the day of launch to entry CPI (Shopper Value Index) & IIP (Index of Industrial Manufacturing) information.
• Nevertheless, some monetary markets like the federal government bond markets and the overseas trade futures, that are delicate to inflation information, stay open until 5 pm and therefore, could also be delicate to information launched throughout market hours.
• Retail inflation information, a ceaselessly monitored indicator for the Indian financial system, would thus grow to be an vital enter for buying and selling and establishing positions in markets, significantly foreign exchange and authorities bond markets.
• The retail inflation information has at all times been launched month-to-month, whereas the wholesale inflation information was launched weekly till December 2012. It’s now distributed on the 14th of every month, round midday.
• The ministry said: “The CPI & Index of Industrial Manufacturing performs a vital function in financial coverage and monetary markets by reflecting inflationary developments throughout rural, city, and mixed sectors and industrial development within the nation.”
• At the moment, the MoSPI releases the CPI and IIP on the twelfth of each month at 5:30 p.m. If the twelfth is a vacation, CPI information is launched the subsequent working day, whereas IIP information is launched the day earlier than. In November, information for each CPI and IIP can be launched at 4 p.m.
• Based on the Ministry, the revised launch timing coincides with the closing hours of India’s main monetary markets, “guaranteeing that CPI information dissemination doesn’t intrude with energetic buying and selling”. “This adjustment additionally adheres to MoSPI’s dedication to transparency and accessibility in information dissemination.”
Do You Know:
• Shopper Value Indices (CPI) measure modifications over time within the normal degree of costs of products and companies that households buy for consumption. CPI is extensively used as a macroeconomic indicator of inflation and as a instrument by governments and central banks for inflation focusing on and for monitoring worth stability, and as deflators within the nationwide accounts.
• Inflation is the speed at which costs for a basket of chosen items and companies rise over a time period and it’s calculated by measuring year-on-year change in CPI, that’s, present month CPI over CPI of the identical month of final yr. At current, the CPI (mixed), which is essentially the most intently watched indicator for retail inflation, is linked to base yr 2012 because the time of launch in January 2015.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍October CPI quantity goes to be very excessive than September: RBI Governor Das
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Prelims
4. Close to the Indian financial system, take into account the next statements: (UPSC 2022)
1. If the inflation is simply too excessive, the Reserve Financial institution of India (RBI) is probably going to purchase authorities securities.
2. If the rupee is quickly depreciating, RBI is more likely to promote {dollars} out there.
3. If rates of interest within the USA or European Union had been to fall, that’s more likely to induce RBI to purchase {dollars}.
Which of the statements given above are appropriate?
(a) 1 and a couple of solely
(b) 2 and three solely
(c) 1 and three solely
(d) 1, 2 and three
5. Close to the Indian financial system, demand-pull inflation may be precipitated/elevated by which of the next? (UPSC 2021)
1. Expansionary insurance policies
2. Fiscal stimulus
3. Inflation-indexing wages
4. Greater buying energy
5. Rising rates of interest
Choose the proper reply utilizing the code given under.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 solely
(b) 3, 4 and 5 solely
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 5 solely
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
EXPLAINED
AMU verdict in high courtroom at this time: the case and what’s at stake
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity & Governance
Mains Examination: GS-II: Construction, organisation and functioning of the Judiciary
What’s the continued story- On Friday (November 8), the Supreme Court docket dominated on whether or not Aligarh Muslim College (AMU) can declare minority standing below Article 30 of the Structure. In February, a seven-judge Bench led by Chief Justice of India D Y Chandrachud had reserved its verdict.
Key Factors to ponder:
• What’s Article 30 of the Structure of India?
• What does the minority standing imply?
• Examine S Azeez Basha vs Union of India, 1967
• What are the standards an establishment should meet to be thought of a minority academic establishment?
Key takeaways:
• In a 4-3 majority ruling, the courtroom overruled an earlier Supreme Court docket determination, which held that AMU was not a minority establishment. Although a separate bench will decide whether or not AMU is a minority establishment, the decision laid down a take a look at for figuring out whether or not an academic establishment can declare minority standing.
Background of the AMU dispute
• In 1967, the Supreme Court docket dominated on a problem to 2 modifications to the college’s founding Act, claiming that they denied the Muslim group, which had established AMU, the power to run it below Article 30.
• The primary of those reforms, handed in 1951, permitted non-Muslims to serve on the College Court docket, the college’s highest governing physique on the time, and changed the Lord Rector with the Customer, India’s President.
• The second, enacted in 1965, strengthened the powers of AMU’s Govt Council, eradicating the College Court docket as the first governing physique.
• The Supreme Court docket dominated that AMU was not shaped or managed by the Muslim minority, however moderately by an Act of the Central Legislature (Aligarh Muslim College Act, 1920). (S Azeez Basha vs. Union of India, 1967).
• Confronted with criticism for the decision, the federal government revised the AMU Act in 1981, claiming that it was shaped by the Muslim group to advertise the cultural and mental development of Muslims in India.
• For the primary time in 2005, AMU granted Muslims 50% of the obtainable postgraduate medical seats. The subsequent yr, the Allahabad Excessive Court docket overturned each the college ruling and the 1981 modification, arguing that AMU was not a minority establishment, as per Azeez Basha.
• The HC order was promptly appealed within the Supreme Court docket. In 2019, the case was referred to a seven-judge bench. Friday’s determination will decide if Azeez Basha can be overruled, or whether or not AMU is a minority establishment protected by Article 30 (“Proper of minorities to ascertain and administer academic establishments”).
Do You Know:
• Article 15(5), which was added to the Structure in 2006, exempts minority academic establishments from reserving seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The college doesn’t have SC/ST quotas as a result of AMU’s minority standing is below attraction, and the Supreme Court docket ordered that the established order be upheld in 2006.
• This yr, the Centre contended earlier than the Supreme Court docket that if AMU is labelled a minority establishment, “it should proceed to not present for reservation for SCs/STs/OBCs/EWS, [in jobs and seats, but] it should present for reservation for Muslims which may be as much as 50 % or much more”.
• As well as, “the executive construction” of AMU “will change from the present set-up which offers for the supremacy of the Govt Council consisting of individuals from numerous fields of life with area experience”—and regardless of being an establishment of nationwide significance, AMU would have an admission process separate from different such establishments.
• In 1992, the Supreme Court docket addressed the minority standing of Delhi’s St Stephen’s School, in addition to the establishment’s freedom to handle itself and have its personal admissions course of. The faculty reserves 50% of its locations for Christian college students.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍‘Minority character of an establishment not a inflexible idea’: SC overrules 1967 verdict that eliminated AMU’s minority tag
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Mains
“Probably the most important achievement of recent regulation in India is the constitutionalisation of environmental issues by the Supreme Court docket.” Focus on this assertion with the assistance of related case legal guidelines. (UPSC 2022)
Whether or not the Nationwide Fee for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) can implement the implementation of constitutional reservation for the Scheduled Castes within the spiritual minority establishments? Study. (2018)
Photo voltaic Alliance stocktake
UPSC Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Common points on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity & local weather change
Mains Examination: GS-III: Conservation, environmental air pollution and degradation, environmental affect evaluation.
What’s the continued story- On the 2015 local weather summit in Paris, India shaped the Worldwide Photo voltaic Alliance (ISA) with a number of different nations, notably convention host France, to expedite the deployment and absorption of photo voltaic vitality all over the world, with a deal with growing nations. Over time, the ISA has expanded into an intergovernmental establishment with over 110 member nations. Nevertheless, its affect on accelerating the adoption of photo voltaic vitality within the poor nations has been exceedingly restricted until now.
Key Factors to ponder:
• Examine Indian Photo voltaic Alliance (ISA)
• What’s India’s photo voltaic capability as of now?
• How India can change from non-renewable sources to renewable sources for its vitality consumption?
• How a lot India has achieved in domestically producing photo voltaic modules?
Key takeaways:
• ISA was envisaged as a facilitator, or a pressure multiplier, which might assist nations overcome monetary, technological, regulatory, or different limitations in harnessing photo voltaic vitality.
• Given the super growth in photo voltaic vitality deployment, ISA’s failure to facilitate a lot of tasks is notable. Over the earlier 5 years, the worldwide put in capability of solar energy has elevated at a charge of greater than 20% yearly. It elevated by greater than 30% final yr, in accordance with the Worldwide Photo voltaic Alliance’s World Photo voltaic Market Report 2024.
• Ajay Mathur, ISA’s director normal, identified that almost all of those installations are happening in a number of nations, with China accounting for the lion’s share. Of the 345 GW of photo voltaic capability added in 2023, greater than 216 GW, or over 62%, occurred in China alone.
• Developed nations, China, and enormous rising nations reminiscent of India obtain greater than 80% of all photo voltaic vitality investments.
• Many of those nations lack prior expertise with large-scale energy tasks, significantly photo voltaic tasks, that are a more recent know-how. There are not any native builders, thus worldwide firms should make investments. Nevertheless, worldwide traders search coverage stability and a sound regulatory framework.
• The ISA has collaborated with governments and native establishments to develop regulatory frameworks, draft energy buy agreements, and practice personnel.
Do You Know:
• Photo voltaic is essentially the most essential component of the worldwide vitality transition that’s vital to sort out the problem of local weather change. It’s the fastest-growing renewable vitality supply, regardless of its inherent limitation of being intermittent.
• In most areas of the world, photo voltaic is now additionally the most affordable supply of vitality when sunshine is accessible. Photo voltaic vitality put in capability is projected to develop between 3 and 15 occasions in numerous eventualities for attaining world internet zero by 2050.
• China alone accounts for round 43% of worldwide photo voltaic PV capability installations. The highest ten markets account for greater than 95% of put in capability. Lower than 2% of recent additions happen in Africa, which homes virtually 80% of the practically 745 million individuals who presently lack entry to electrical energy.
• The ISA was established to serve a far larger strategic goal for India. It’s a important side of India’s outreach to the World South, notably African nations.
Different Vital Articles Masking the identical subject:
📍Africa able to drive development of photo voltaic, says ISA director normal
Earlier yr UPSC Prelims/Mains Query Masking related theme:
Prelims
6. Close to solar energy manufacturing in India, take into account the next statements:
1. India is the third largest on this planet within the manufacture of silicon wafers utilized in photovoltaic items.
2. The solar energy tariffs are decided by the Photo voltaic Vitality Company of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are appropriate?
(a) 1 solely
(b) 2 solely
(c) Each 1 and a couple of
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Additionally in Information |
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| Affecting psychological, bodily well being: Australia to ban social media for youngsters below 16 | • Australia’s Prime Minister Anthony Albanese introduced that the federal government would go laws prohibiting youngsters below the age of 16 from utilizing social media, claiming that it is a world-leading coverage.
• Australia is testing an age-verification system to assist forestall children from accessing social media websites, as a part of a ban that would go into impact as early as the tip of subsequent yr. • Albanese emphasised the hazards to youngsters’s bodily and psychological well being posed by extreme social media use, significantly the dangers to females from damaging photos of physique picture and misogynistic content material aimed toward boys. |
| India presents Afghan enterprise Chabahar Port for commerce, discusses humanitarian assist | • An Indian delegation headed by a senior Ministry of Exterior Affairs (MEA) official met Afghanistan’s interim Defence Minister Mullah Mohammad Yaqoob, providing the usage of Chabahar Port in Iran to enterprise teams in Afghanistan, whereas additionally holding discussions on extending extra humanitarian help to Kabul.
• They’d discussions on India’s humanitarian help, and the way Chabahar Port may be utilised by the enterprise group in Afghanistan for transactions and for export and import and every other factor that they wish to do. • Offering humanitarian help to Afghanistan is a vital a part of our help programme and India have dispatched a number of shipments of humanitarian help. We’ve got longstanding ties with the individuals of Afghanistan, and these ties will proceed to information our strategy in direction of the nation. |
| Reply Key |
| 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (d) |
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